Modalities

Question 1

Hot pack

Answer 1

Superficial, moist heat, conduction modality
Precautions:
- overheating of client
- localized burns
- discomfort

Question 2

Scar management

Answer 2

Technique best used 6-12 weeks after wound closure to minimize the risk of adhesions, contracture, hypertrophy, or hypersensitivity

Question 3

Fluidotherapy

Answer 3

Superficial, dry heat, convection modality that involves inserting a distal extremity into a thermostatically-controlled maching of circulating particles, typically used for:
- desensitization
- edema and pain reduction
- improving ROM

Question 4

Hydrogel sheet dressing

Answer 4

Wound care dressing that hydrates the wound and promotes autolytic debridement

Question 5

Alginate dressing

Answer 5

Primary wound care dressing that can absorb large quantities of excudate

Question 6

Autolytic debridement

Answer 6

a natural process that uses the body’s enzymes and moisture to break down damaged tissue at a wound site

Question 7

Chemical debridement

Answer 7

Type of debridement that uses fast acting enzymes to slough nonviable tissue from a wound

Question 8

Mechanical debridement

Answer 8

A type of debridement that involves actively removing damaged or nonviable tissue
Types include:
- hydrotherapy
- wet to dry dressings
- wound irrigation followed by suction

Question 9

Surgical debridement

Answer 9

A type of debridement that involves surgically removing damaged or nonviable tissue with a sharp instrument

Question 10

Debridement

Answer 10

A procedure performed to facilitate wound healing and involves removal of damaged or nonviable tissue

Question 11

Transparent film dressing

Answer 11

Semi-occlusive wound care dressing that can be used as a primary or secondary dressing and act as a waterproof barrier

Question 12

Maturation phase of wound healing

Answer 12

Final phase of wound healing that may continue for months or years that includes:
- collagen remodeling
- scar softens while its tensile strength increases
- erythema lessens

Question 13

Paraffin therapy

Answer 13

Superficial, conduction, heat modality that involves use of thermostatically controlled, warmed and mineral oil
Methods include:
- immersion
- dip immersion
- pouring

Question 14

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)

Answer 14

A type of PAM that provides e-stim to a peripheral nerve
Potential uses include:
- strengthen a muscle
- increase ROM
- decrease spasms
- manage edema

Question 15

Cryotherapy

Answer 15

Superficial, conduction, cold modality that may be used to address:
- spasticity
- pain
- edema

Question 16

Ultrasound (US)

Answer 16

Mechanical acoustic modality that uses energy conversion to influence:
- tissue length
- pain
- inflammation
- tissue healing

Question 17

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

Answer 17

Form of electrotherapy used as a component of a comprehensive pain management program, techniques of application include:
- sub sensory
- sensory
- motor

Question 18

Functional electrical stimulation (FES)

Answer 18

Form of electrotherapy to:
- maintain muscle mass
- gain ROM
- facilitate voluntary movement
- manage spasticity

Question 19

Proliferation phase of wound healing

Answer 19

Second stage of wound healing that begins by day three after injury that includes:
- wound revascularization
- scab formation
- wound re-repithelialization
- fibroblasts initiating contraction
- erythema and beginning of scar formation

Question 20

Inflammatory phase of wound healing

Answer 20

Initial stage of wound healing that includes:
- clot formation
- blood vessel dilation allowing neutrophils and monocytes to initiate debridement and attack bacteria
- changes in skin color, temperature, pain, swelling, and function