Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NYCC Physiopathology > Plasma Derived Mediators of Inflammation > Flashcards

Plasma Derived Mediators of Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What are chemical mediators of inflammation?

A

Substances which act to initiate and/or enhance an inflammatory reaction
Activate cells by binding specific receptors, recruit cells to sites of injury, stimulate the release of additional mediators
Ie. Bradykinin, thrombin, fibrin, nitric oxide, serotonin, histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chemical mediators are __________ lived and are a ______________ phenomenon

A

Short, controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Redundancy of chemical mediators provides ___________________

A

Amplification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are chemical mediators turned off?

A

Intrinsic mechanisms within the mediators themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most important and potent chemical mediator in the kinin family?

A

Bradykinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of chemical mediators of inflammation?

A

Plasma- or cell-derived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some examples of cell-derived and plasma derived molecules that increase the adherence of WBCs to a vascular wall?

A
  • Plasma Derived = Thrombin
  • Cell Derived = LTB4, IL-1, PAF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are opsonins?

A

Naturally occurring proteins which coat bacterium for destruction by phagocytes
Ie. C3B and IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are examples of opsonins?

A

IgG and C3b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is clotting factor XII also known as?

A

Hageman Factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What plasma derived system of inflammation activates bradykinin?

A

Coagulation system (Hageman Factor XII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What activates clotting factor XII in the kinin system of inflammation?

A

Bumping into collagen, basement membrane, tissue protein, negatively charged surfaces (things that shouldn’t be in blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What plasma-derived systems of inflammatory mediation does clotting factor XII (Hageman factor) stimulate?

A

Bradykinin (kinin system) and prothrombin (coagulation cascade)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does bradykinin stimulate and bind to?

A

Nociceptors for pain and binds to endothelium to increase vasodilation and increase vascular permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which plasma derived mediator of inflammation is chiefly responsible for a pain response?

A

Bradykinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are three examples of plasma mediated systems of inflammation?

A

Kinin system, complement system, and coagulation system

17
Q

What three ways is the complement system of inflammation activated?

A

Classic pathway (Antigen/Antibody interaction)
Alternative pathway (Lipopolysaccharide/Lipid A of gram negative bacteria)
Mannose pathway (Increased mannose on microbial surfaces)

18
Q

What is the classic pathway of plasma mediated inflammation?

A

Antigen-antibody interaction

19
Q

What is the alternative pathway of plasma mediated inflammation?

A

Lipopolysaccharide and lipid A are recognized on gram negative bacteria and indicate infection

20
Q

What is the mannose binding pathway of plasma mediated inflammation?

A

Increased levels of mannose on microbial surfaces are detected

21
Q

What are the four main plasma-derived chemical mediators of inflammation procured by the complement system of inflammation?

A

C3a
C5a
C3b
C5b-C9

22
Q

What is the function of C3a?

A

Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

23
Q

What is the function of C5a?

A

Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
Plasma-derived chemotactic agent and activation of arachidonic acid metabolism

24
Q

What is the function of C3b?

A

Opsoninization for phagocytes

25
Q

What is the function of C5b-C9?

A

Membrane attack complex to punch holes in bacteria

26
Q

What molecules produced by the complement system are anaphylatoxins implicated in type I hypersensitivity reactions?

A

C3a, C5a

27
Q

What does the coagulation cascade result in?

A

Blood-clot formation

28
Q

What is the proenzyme of thrombin?

A

Prothrombin

29
Q

What enzyme activates fibrinogen ——> fibrin?

A

Thrombin

30
Q

What enzyme activates plasminogen ——> plasmin?

A

TPA (Tissue plasminogen activator)

31
Q

What enzyme breaks down fibrin clots?

A

Plasmin

32
Q

What protein is involved in creating clots?

A

Fibrin

33
Q

What is the function of thrombin?

A

Activates fibrinogen to fibrin
Increases vascular permeability
Increases WBC adherence to endothelium (for clot formation)
Increases fibroblast proliferation (for clot formation)

34
Q

What is the function of fibrin split products?

A

Increased vascular permeability

35
Q

What is the function of plasmin?

A

Breaks down fibrin blood clots
Cleaves C3 to form C3a and C3b to turn on the compliment system

36
Q

What plasma-mediated system of inflammation is turned on by plasmin from the coagulation cascade?

A

Complement system

37
Q

What can be given to help clear a blood clot causing an ischemic stroke?

A

TPA injection

NYCC Physiopathology (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions