Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NYCC Physiopathology > Hemorrhage > Flashcards

Hemorrhage Flashcards

1
Q

name 5 causes of hemorrhage

A
  • trauma
  • aneurysms
  • erosion; microbes, neoplasia
  • vitamin deficiency (eg. vit K involved in clotting)
  • thrombocytopenia (low platelets -> people on chemotherapeutics)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

clinical significance of hemorrhage is dependent on what 3 things?

A
  • volume of blood loss
  • rate of blood loss
  • location of hemorrhage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is bleeding into thorax called?

A

hemothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is ripping of heart and bleeding into pericardium called?

A

hemopericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is hemoperitoneum?

A

bleeding into peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is hemarthrosis?

A

bleeding in a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is hematoma?

A

bleeding into a tissue (non-specific)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is purpura?

A

multiple hemorrhages <1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the most common purpura in children?

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the name for purpura in older adults?

A

senile purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the name for a common skin bruise

A

ecchymosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are 2 other names for petechiae?

A

pinpoint/splinter hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

an ascending aortic aneurism would cause what type of hemorrhage?

A

hemopericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

an abdominal aortic aneurism would cause what type of hemorrhage?

A

hemoperitoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name 3 examples of hemorrhages in the skin?

A

purpura
ecchymosis
petechiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what causes petechiae?

A

rapid increase in intercapillary P
(eg. valsalva maneuver, choking someone, gastritis w/vomitting)

17
Q

what is idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

A

syndrome in which antibodies against platelet or megakaryocytic antigens cause thrombocytopenia

18
Q

what is the clinical presentation of acute ITP in children?

A
  • sudden onset of petechiae and purpura but are otherwise asymptomatic (may have frequent nose bleeds)
  • Spontaneous recovery occurs within 6 months in over 80% of cases
19
Q

what is a rare major threat for ITP (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)?

A

intracranial hemorrhage

20
Q

what is the clinical presentation of chronic ITP in adults?

A
  • bleeding episodes, such as epistaxis, menorrhagia or ecchymoses
  • excessive bleeding after and minor procedures (eg. tooth extraction)
21
Q

what is the most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorder?

A

hemophilia A (factor VIII Deficiency)

22
Q

how do patients with Hemophilia A present?

A
  • mild, moderate, or severe bleeding tendencies
  • hematuria (bleed into bladder), intestinal obstruction, respiratory obstruction may occur with bleeding into respective organs
23
Q

what is the most frequent complication of hemophilia A?

A

degenerative joint disease caused by repeated bleeding into many joints

24
Q

In Hemophilia A, what was formerly the most common cause of death which is now largely prevented by treatment?

A

bleeding into the brain

25
Q

hemophilia B is an X-linked inherited disorder of deficiency of what clotting factor?

A

IX

26
Q

clotting factor IX is a vitamin ____-dependent protein made in the liver

A

K

27
Q

what are the bleeding manifestations of hemophilia B?

A

similar to hemophilia A

28
Q

what can’t you make if you are vitamin K deficient?

A

you cant make a fibrin plug

29
Q

what is von Willebrand disease?

A

heterogeneous complex of hereditary bleeding disorders related to deficiency or abnormality of vWF (von willebrand factor)

30
Q

most cases of vWD entail only a mild bleeding diathesis, except for what type?

A

type III

31
Q

what is the presenting symptom of von Willebrand disease?

A

excessive hemorrhage after trauma or surgery

32
Q

what life-threatening complication may occur in patients with type III vWD?

A

life-threating hemorrhage from the gut; hemarthroses like those in hemophilia are not unusual

33
Q

what would the laboratory diagnosis of ITP be?

A

low platelet count

34
Q

hemophilia A is a deficiency in what clotting factor?

A

VIII
(“hemophilia AAAAAAte”)

35
Q

what is the laboratory diagnosis for hemophilia A and B?

A

deficient in clotting factors VIII or IX

36
Q

how does von willebrand disease compare to hemophilia?

A

patients with vWD show immediate, mucocutaneous bleeding such as easy bruising, epstaxis, GI bleeding, and (in women) menorrhagia

NYCC Physiopathology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions