plant nutrition

Question 1

What are the two tissues that transport nutrition within a plant

Answer 1

Xylem

Phloem

Question 2

What are the characteristics of xylem

Answer 2

only one way transfer
Only water
transfers minerals and water

Question 3

what is photosynthesis

Answer 3

process by which plants take inorganic materials (co2, water, minerals) and converting it to organic molecules (glucose) in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight

Question 4

equation of photosynthesis

Answer 4

6co2 + 6h2o –>(sunlight, chlorophyll) c6h12o6

Question 5

what are the 3 main steps in photosynthesis

Answer 5

1) absorption of sunlight by chlorophyll
2)light energy is converted to chemical energy
(that chemical energy is used in splitting of water molecule into h2 and o2)
3)hydrogen will reduce the co2 to produce glucose to make starch

Question 6

what is chlorophyll

Answer 6

is a green pigment present in the chloroplasts of the leaves in a plant. helps to do photosynthesis by conversion of inorganic substances to organic substances

Question 7

what are the by products of photosynthesis

Answer 7

oxygen, water and glucose

Question 8

how is the glucose formed after photosynthesis transported throughout the plant

Answer 8

through the phloem vessel

Question 9

what is a limiting factor

Answer 9

a variable that is in short supply and limits the rate of a particular reaction

Question 10

adaptions of leaves

Answer 10

large surface area to absorb more light
thin body to help co2 diffuse faster
stomata allows co2 to diffuse into the leaf and out

Question 11

difference between spongy mesophyll and pallisade mesophyll cells

Answer 11

Palisade mesophyll cells are elongate and form a layer beneath the upper epidermis, whereas spongy mesophyll cells are internal to the lower epidermis. All mesophyll cells contain large populations of chloroplasts, which enable the leaf to carry out photosynthetic carbon assimilation

Question 12

what is conduction

Answer 12

process of transporting water and salts upwards through xylem and food in upwards and downward directions through phloem is called conduction

Question 13

how can you test a leaf for starch

Answer 13

iodine test, if solution becomes blue then leaf has starch

Question 14

what is the order of the structures in a leaf

Answer 14

cuticle
upper epidermis
palisade mesophyll
spongy mesophyll (xylem and phloem are found in this layer)
lower epidermis
guard cell

Question 15

From which part of a leaf does most water evaporate during transpiration?

Answer 15

spongy mesophyll cells

Question 16

Which substances are transported in the phloem?

Answer 16

amino acids and sucrose

Question 17

Which two substances are needed for photosynthesis?

Answer 17

carbon dioxide and water

Question 18

which cell in a plant has the most chloroplasts in the cell

Answer 18

palisade mesophyll cell

Question 19

which cell in a plant has the least number of chloroplasts

Answer 19

guard cell

Question 20

in a palisade which cell organelle has starch

Answer 20

chloroplast

Question 21

Which form of energy is stored within glucose molecules made during photosynthesis?

Answer 21

chemical energy

Question 22

What does photosynthesis form in a leaf first?

Answer 22

sugar

Question 23

Which element is found in a molecule of chlorophyll?

Answer 23

magnesium

Question 24

What does a plant make with the nitrates it absorbs?

Answer 24

proteins

Question 25

function of chloroplasts

Answer 25

trap light energy

Question 26

adaptations of root hair cells

Answer 26

• contain lots of mitochondria to help with active -transport
• thin cell wall
• highly concentrated (less water) cytoplasm to maintain concentration to allow water to diffuse in
• root hairs increase surface area to allow for uptake of water and mineral ions

Question 27

function of root hair cell

Answer 27

uptake of water/minerals and nutrients

Question 28

how is the xylem adapted to its function

Answer 28

no top and bottom walls between xylem vessels so that there is a continuous column of water running through it
cells are dead with no organelles or cytoplasm to allow free passage of water
walls contain lignin to help support the plant

Question 29

Describe how mineral ions pass from the soil into the root hair cell.

Answer 29

active transport, against a concentration gradient using energy from respiration (mitochondria of the root hair cell)

Question 30

what happens to a plant leaf when there is a magnesium deficiency and what is the cause

Answer 30

leaf becomes yellow

decreased chlorophyll production