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cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

how many cell organelles are there in an animal cell

A

6

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2
Q

what are all the 6 cell organelles in the animal cell

A 
nucleus
ribosome
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus 
mitochondria
cytoplasm
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3
Q

what is the function of the nucleus

A

the nucleus stores the cell’s DNA

controls the activities of the cells (growth and metabolism)

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4
Q

what is the function of the ribosomes

A

protein synthesis

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5
Q

what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

the function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function

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6
Q

what is the function of the golgi apparatus

A

protein processing and sorting for further transporting

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7
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria

A

membrane-bound cell organelles that generate chemical energy needed to power the cell
powerhouse of the cell

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8
Q

what are the cell organelles specific to the plant cell

A

cell wall
chloroplasts
large vacuole

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9
Q

what are the 3 parts the cell has been divided into

A

cell membrane
cytoplasm
Nucleus

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10
Q

where in the cell are organelles present

A

cytoplasm

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11
Q

what does the cell membrane help with

A

active transport

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12
Q

what is formed by a group of xylem vessels

A

a tissue

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13
Q

what are the functions of chloroplasts

A

site of photosynthesis (helps providing food for plants)

store for starch

absorb light for photosynthesis

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14
Q

what are the functions of the vacuole

A

contains cell sap
used to store materials
helps support shape of cell

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15
Q

function of vesicles

A

used to safely transport substances

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16
Q

what are the functions of the ciliated cells

A

movement of the mucus in the trachea and bronchi

17
Q

what are the adaptations of the ciliated cells

A

extensions of the cytoplasm at the surface of the cell form hair like structures known as cilia which beat to move mucus and trapped particles in the throat

18
Q

what are the functions of the nerve cell

A

conduction of impulses

19
Q

what are adaptations of the nerve cells

A

has extensions and branches known as dendrites that help transfer the impulse from nerve cell to nerve cell

20
Q

what is the function of the sperm cell

A

reproduction

21
Q

what are the adaptations of the sperm cells

A

head contains genetic material for fertilisation in a haploid nucleus (containing half the number of chromosomes
acrosome in the head contains digestive enzyme so that the sperm can penetrate the egg
packed with mitochondria to release energy needed to swim and fertilise the egg
tail enables sperm to swim

22
Q

what is the function of the red blood cell

A

to transport oxygen

23
Q

what are the adaptations of RBCs

A

biconcave disc increases surface area to allow for diffusion
contains haemoglobin which joins with oxygen to transport it
contains no nucleus to increase space inside cell to be able to carry more oxygen/haemoglobin

24
Q

what is the function of the egg cell

A

reproduction

25
Q

how is the egg cell adapted to its function

A

contains many cytoplasm which has nutrients which encourage the growth of the embryo
haploid nucleus contains the other half of the chromosomes for fertilisation
cell membrane changes after fertilisation by a single sperm so that no more sperm can enter

26
Q

how are palisade mesophyll cells adapted to their function

A

have many chloroplasts for maximum photosynthesis

27
Q

what are characteristics of prokaryotes

A

single celled, no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles

28
Q

from simplest structure to most complex in the human body

A

cell
tissue
organ
organ system

29
Q

what are 2 distinguishing features of prokaryotes

A

no nucleus
unicellular
cell wall
no membrane bound organelles

bio (29 decks)

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