Plant Characteristics, Classification, & Evolution

Question 1

Occurs when plants release water vapor through their leaves.

Answer 1

Transpiration

Question 2

Having 2 complete sets of genes (because the cell has 2 copies of every chromosome).

Answer 2

Diploid

Question 3

Having 1 copy of each chromosome.

Answer 3

Haploid

Question 4

The haplodiplonic life cycle of plants.
Cycles between diploid sporophyte stage and haploid gametophyte stage.

Answer 4

Alternation of Generations

Question 5

Body cells of the plant have 2 sets of chromosomes.
Diploid phase.

Answer 5

Sporophyte

Question 6

Haploid phase.
Produces gametes (egg/sperm cells).

Answer 6

Gametophyte

Question 7

Nonvascular plants.
Include liverworts, hornworts, and mosses.

Answer 7

Bryophytes

Question 8

Plant stem cells.

Answer 8

Meristem Cells

Question 9

A sort of rudimentary root.

Answer 9

Rhizoids

Question 10

Have unprotected seeds.

Answer 10

Gymnosperms

Question 11

Have enclosed seeds.

Answer 11

Angiosperms

Question 12

BOTH male and female sporangia are produced on a single plant.

Answer 12

Monoecious

Question 13

Male and female sporangia are produced on separate plants.

Answer 13

Dioecious

Question 14

4 phyla of gymnosperms:

Answer 14

Ginko (Ginkgophyta)
Cycads (Cycadophyta)
Gnetophytes (Gnetophyla)
Conifers

Question 15

Enclosed seeds.
The flowering plants.

Answer 15

Angiosperms

Question 16

Modified leaves that develop into fruit and surround the seeds of angiosperms.

Answer 16

Carpels

Question 17

Characterizing feature is a single cotyledon.
Have parallel veins running the length of their leaves, scattered vascular bundles, fibrous roots, and flowering parts (typically arranged in 3s/6s).
Generally lack woody tissues.

Answer 17

Monocots

Question 18

An embryonic leaflike organ that transfers nutrients for the developing embryo.

Answer 18

Cotyledon

Question 19

Eudicots.
Have 2 cotyledons.
Branched network of veins in the leaves, vascular bundles forming a ring, a root system that includes a central tap root, flowing parts (typically arranged in 4s/5s).
Can be woody or herbaceous.

Answer 19

Dicots

Question 20

Means that plants have 2 distinct stages in their life cycle: sporophyte (diploid) stage and gametophyte (haploid stage).
Unique to plants.

Answer 20

Alternation of Generations

Question 21

The plant is diploid and produces spores (the cells of the plant have 2 sets of chromosomes).

Answer 21

Sporophyte Stage

Question 22

The plant is haploid and produces gametes (egg/sperm cells used in reproduction).

Answer 22

Gametophyte Stage