DNA as the Genetic Material Flashcards
The 2 helical strands of DNA run parallel to each other, but go in opposite directions.
Antiparallel
Nitrogen base + the sugar =
without the phosphate group
Nucleosides
Nitrogenous base, sugar, and 1-3 phosphates =
Nucleotides
An array of nucleotides.
DNA
RNA base pairs:
A + U
C + G
DNA base pairs:
A + T
C + G
Process of copying DNA for proper cell division to occur.
Replication
Part of cell cycle.
Cell grows, carries out cell processes, and replicates its DNA.
Interphase
Part of cell cycle.
Cell undergoes cell division.
Mitosis
How DNA is copied to make DNA for new cells.
Replication
Enzyme that separates the DNA strands into a lagging strand and a leading strand.
Unzips the double helix.
Helicase
Easily replicated because it runs in the same direction as the original strand.
Replicated continuously.
Leading Strand
Important enzymes in DNA replication:
Helicase
DNA Polymerase
Primase
Ligase
Topoisomerase
Process of replication is described this way because each DNA molecule is made up of 1 old conserved strand of DNA and 1 newly synthesized strand.
Semi-Conservative
Adds the appropriate base pairs.
DNA Polymerase