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PHG 203 > Physiology Of Hypothalmus > Flashcards

Physiology Of Hypothalmus Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology of Hypothalamus

  • ____ in size
  • bound the___ half of___ ventricle
  • inferior pole connects to____ gland
  • lateral part is connected to_____ and ___
  • it’s an integration center for____,___,and___functions
  • receives afferents input from the body through the spinal cord, medulla, and reticular formation of the brain stem
A

5gm

anterior; 4th

pituitary

midbrain and limbic system

somatic, autonomic, and endocrine functions

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2
Q

Functions of Hypothalamus
AS-RESPECT

List them

A

autonomic functions

  • sleep wake cycle
  • reward and punishment center
  • endocrinal functions
  • Sex
  • Food intake regulation
  • emotional and instinctual regulation
  • circadian rhythm control
  • temperature regulation
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3
Q

Function of Lateral hypothalamus nuclei

A

Thirst and hunger

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4
Q

Function of Ventromedial nuclei

A

Satiety

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5
Q

Function of Paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus

A

Produced oxytocin

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6
Q

Stimulation of this Dorsomedial nucleus causes ____\

A

Stimulation causes obesity

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7
Q

Function of Supraoptic nuclei

A

Produce Vasopressin

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8
Q

Function of Anterior nucleus of Hypothalamus

And posterior nucleus of hypothalamus

A

Regulates body temp by dissipating heat ;stimulates para system

Body temp reg by conserving heat;stimulates sympa system

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9
Q

Maxillary body nucleus controls ____ reflex

A

Feeding

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10
Q

Function of Suprachiasmatic nucleus of Hypothalamus

A

Circadian rhythm

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11
Q

_____ nucleus Produces hypothalamic releasing factors

A

Arcuate/infundibular

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12
Q

____ nucleus Regulates release of gonadotropin hormones

A

Prebiotic

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13
Q

Effect of Perifornical nucleus on feeding, mood and blood pressure?

A

Hunger, rage, increased bp

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14
Q

Function of MPON

A

Bladder contraction,Decrease bp and heart rate

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15
Q

ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS

4 releasing hormones
1NT
1 peptide thing
1 blood pressure stuff
1 sex stuff
A

thyrotropin releasing hormone

  • dopamine
  • growth hormone releasing hormone
  • somatostatin
  • gonadotropin releasing hormone
  • corticotropin releasing hormone
  • oxytocin
  • vasopressin
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16
Q

Sleep zones of the limbic system

  • 2 sleep zones
    (1) ____-_____sleep zone
    (2) _____ to ____ sleep zone
A

Posterior hypothalamus - diencephalic

pre-optic areas → forebrain

17
Q

Both sleep zones are not connected With one another

T/F

18
Q

Circadian rhythm
-Programmed Alteration of physiological variables with____ cycle

Mostly Under the control of____ nuclei

A

day- night

suprachiasmatic

19
Q

Biological clock in______ generates____

A

hypothalamus

circadian rhythm

20
Q

______act as the chemical signal involved in timing bilogical function

A

Melatonin (night)

21
Q

Hypothalamus sends _____+____signals(including ___) to the body to ensure this circadian rhythm

A

endocrine+neural

melanin

22
Q

CVS regulation by hypothalamus

  • ____ and ____hypothalamic nuclei increases arterial pressure and heart rate
  • preoptic area____ arterial pressure and heart rate
  • these effects are transmitted mainly through specific cardiovascular control centers in the___ regions of the___ and___
A

posterior and lateral

decreases

reticular

pons and medulla

23
Q

Temperature regulation

  • hypothalamus has a temperature regulator
  • body temp less than 37degrees celsius(cold) tell the___ hypothalamic nuclei to conserve heat
  • body temp higher than 37degrees celsius(warmth) tell the____ hypothalamic nuclei to release heat
A

posterior

anterior

24
Q

Autonomic functions of Hypothalamus

  • Stimulation of hypothalamus leads to ANS response (symp or parasymp)
  • ______hypothalamus(besides posterior ) causes sympathetic discharge+ secretion of adrenal medullary hormones( adrenaline and noradrenaline) I.e flight or fight response
25
Q

Hypothalamus receives sensory signal from visceral to influence ANS

T/F

26
Q

Sexual behaviour

- Testosterone implant in hypothalamus of castrated animal →_____

A

restore libido (sexual desire)

27
Q

lesion of anterior hypothalamus →Increased libido in male and female rats
T/F

A

F

Loss of libido

28
Q

Thirst
-increased _____leads to stimulation of thirst centre in____ and with thirst stimulated, there is desire to drink
Or
-hypovolemia stimulates____ that stimulates____ that stimulates diencephalon which causes stimulation of thirst center and cause the desire to drink

A

Plasma osmolality

lateral hypothalamus

RAAS; angiotensin ii

29
Q

Saltiety centre inhibits____ center

30
Q

hypothalamus is Tonically inactive

T/F

31
Q

lesion on feeding center can lead to____,____etc

A

anorexia

loss of appetite

32
Q

lesion on satiety center leads to____=——

A

excessive eating = obesity

33
Q

feeding center destruction and satiety center destruction =____

PHG 203 (22 decks)

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