NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS Flashcards
NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS
These diseases can affect:
____ directly
——— indirectly
Or ————
muscles
Nerves
N-M junction
Generally ,
spasticity is——— motor neuron disorder)
-some degree of paralysis is ——-motor neuron disorder)
an upper
a lower
The following occur more in women or men??
Hungtington’s disease
Myasthenia gravis
Muscular dystrophy
Women
Women
Men
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ; may occur——-, be——- or be——-, such as during a ——or from eating——-. CJD gradually destroys brain cells and causes —-to form in the brain. People with CJD experience difficulty controlling body movements, changes in gait and speech, and dementia.
spontaneously; inherited; transmitted by contact with infected tissue
transplant ; contaminated meat
tiny holes
spinal muscular atrophies are disorders of the—— motor neuron.
- causes muscles to —-and——. People with SMA lose a specific type of nerve cell in the spinal cord (called motor neurons) that control muscle movement.
lower
become weak ; waste away
*———(ALS;——— disease) is ——-motor neuron condition
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
lou Gehrig’s
mixed upper and lower
NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES CAN BE CAUSED BY some form of collagen disorder like ——-disorders
Ehler-danlos
failure of the myelin around nerves is seen in certain deficiency diseases such as failure of the body to——-
absorb vitamin B12
Myasthenis gravis: form of muscle weakness due to——-
- occurs in every 1 in—— people and no one knows why
- causes——
antibodies against acetylcholine receptors
200k
paralysis
Therapy to myasthenia gravis
- administer——- or some——- that allows the——- in the synaptic space
- you could also try blunting the ——-with—-
- a thymectomy reduced the production of—— and reverses symptoms in ——-of the cases
- ____: replacing plasma that contained the offending——
neostigmine; anticholinesterase; accumulation of larger amounts of Ach
immune system ; glucocorticoids
antibodies; 50%
plasmapheresis; antibodies
In lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome
-muscle strength—— as—— calcium is released
increases; more
tetanus and botulism are—— infections in which—— toxins cause——- or——— muscle tone respectively
bacterial; bacterial
increased; decreased
Poliomyelitis, fungal, viral, or bacterial
Viral
Poliomyelitis:
- destroys motor NEURONES
- results in—— of skeletal muscle
- may result in death due to——-
paralysis; respiratory failure
(2) Muscle cramps
- involuntary—-of skeletal muscles
- action potentials firing at ——rates, even—- than what occurs at——
- Cause is unknown , but, theories:
* _____ in ECF surrounding both nerve and muscle caused by—— or—— (these 2 factors normally— in motor neuron and muscle fibers)
* ____ within muscle or—— of muscle stimulates sensory receptors in the muscle like mechano,stretch and noiceceptors leading to motor neurons being activated—— when these sensory signals reach the——
tetanic contraction
abnormally high ; more; maximal voluntary contraction
electrolyte imabalance; over exercise; persistent dehydration; induce APs directly
chemical imbalance; sudden stretch
reflexly; spinal cord
