Pharmacology III Flashcards
What types of seizures is Phenobarbital used to treat?
Simple and complex partial seizures; tonic clonic seizures (p.451)
What types of seizures is Valproic acid used to treat?
Simple and complex partial seizures; first line for tonic clonic seizures, absence seizures (p.451)
What type of seizures is Ethosuxamide used to treat?
First line for absence seizures (p.451)
Which anti-epileptic drugs are used to treat absence seizures?
Ethosuxamide is first line; Valproic acid (p.451)
What types of seizure disorders are benzodiazapines used to treat?
First line for acute status epilepticus (p.451)
Which benzodiazapines are considered first line agents for treatment of stautus epilepticus?
Diazapam or lorazepam (p.451)
What types of seizures is Tigabine used to treat?
Simple and complex partial seizures (p.451)
What types of seizures is Vigabatrin used to treat?
Simple and complex partial seizures (p.451)
What types of seizures is Levetiracetam used to treat?
Simple and complex partial seizures; tonic clonic seizures (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Phenytoin?
Use dependent blockade of sodium channels and inhibition of glutamate release from excitatory presynaptic neuron (p.451,452)
What is the mechanism of action for Carbamazepine?
Increase sodium channel inactivation (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Lamotrigine?
Blocks voltage gated sodium channels (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Gabapentin?
Designed as a GABA analogue but primarily inhibits high voltage activated calcium channels (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Topiramate?
Blocks sodium channels and increases GABA action (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Phenobarbital?
Increases GABA(a) action (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Valproic Acid?
Increase sodium channel inactivation; increases GABA concentration (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Ethosuxamide?
Blocks thalamic T-type Calcium channels (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Benzodiazepines in treating status epilepticus?
Increases GABA(a) action (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Tigabine?
Inhibits GABA reuptake (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Vigabatrin?
Irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase to increase GABA concentration (p.451)
What is the mechanism of action for Levetiracetam?
Unknown mechanism (p.451)
Which anti-epileptic drugs increase sodium channel inactivation as a mechanism of action?
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Valproic acid (p.451)
Which anti-epileptic drugs block voltage gated sodium channels as a mechanism of action?
Lamotrigine, Topiramate (p.451)
What antiepileptic drug can be used parenterally?
Fosphenytoin (p.451)
Which anti-epileptic drug is used as a first line drug for trigeminal neuralgia?
Carbamazepine (p.451)
