Anatomy and Physiology XXIII

Question 1

What travels through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 1

CN V maxillary branch (p.435)

Question 2

What travels through the foramen ovale?

Answer 2

CN V mandibular branch (p.435)

Question 3

What travels through the foramen spinosum?

Answer 3

Middle meningeal artery (p.435)

Question 4

Name five openings/ channels of the middle cranial fossa.

Answer 4

Optic canal, superior orbital fissue, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum (p.435)

Question 5

Throuugh which openings do the branches of CN V exit the brain?

Answer 5

Opthalmic- superior orbital fissure; Maxillary- Foramen Rotundum; Mandibular- Foramen Ovale (“Standing Room Only”) (p.435)

Question 6

Name four openings/ channels of the posterior cranial fossa.

Answer 6

Internal auditory meatus, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, foramen magnum (p.435)

Question 7

Through what general area do CN VII-XII travel?

Answer 7

Posterior cranial fossa through the temporal or occipital bones (p.435)

Question 8

What travels through the internal auditory meatus?

Answer 8

CN VII, VII (p.435)

Question 9

Through what opening does CN XI travel?

Answer 9

Jugular foramen (p.435)

Question 10

Through what opening does the jugular vein travel?

Answer 10

Jugular foramen (p.435)

Question 11

What travels through the jugular foramen?

Answer 11

CN IX, X, XI, jugular vein (p.435)

Question 12

Through what opening does CN XII travel?

Answer 12

Hypoglossal canal (p.435)

Question 13

What travels through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 13

CN XII (p.435)

Question 14

Through what opening do the spinal roots of CN XI travel?

Answer 14

Foramen magnum (p.435)

Question 15

Through what opening does the brainstem travel?

Answer 15

Foramen magnum (p.435)

Question 16

Through what opening do the vertebral arteries travel?

Answer 16

Foramen magnum (p.435)

Question 17

What travels through the foramen magnum?

Answer 17

Spinal roots of CN XI, brainstem, vertebral arteries (p.435)

Question 18

What is the cavernous sinus?

Answer 18

A collection of venous sinuses on either side of the pituitary (p.436)

Question 19

What drains into the cavernous sinus?

Answer 19

Blood from the eye and superficial cortex (p.436)

Question 20

To where does the cavernous sinus drain?

Answer 20

Into the internal jugular vein (p.436)

Question 21

What structures pass through the cavernous sinus en route to the orbit?

Answer 21

CN III, IV, V opthalmic, V maxillary, CN VI, and postganglionic sympathetic fibers. Cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery also passes through (p.436)

Question 22

Generally, what structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

Answer 22

The nerves that control extraocular muscles, CN V opthalmic, CN V maxillary (p.436)

Question 23

What symptoms are caused by cavernous sinus syndrome?

Answer 23

Opthalmopolegia and decreased corneal and maxillary sensation with normal vision (p.436)

Question 24

What are three possible causes of cavernous sinus syndrome?

Answer 24

Mass effect, fistula, thrombosis (p.436)

Question 25

What signs and symptoms are characteristic of a CN V motor lesion?

Answer 25

Jaw deviation towards side of lesion due to unopposed force from opposite pterygoid muscle (p.436)