Anatomy and Physiology XX

Question 1

Describe the general location of the cerebellar peduncles.

Answer 1

Dorsal brainstem just above, alongside, and below the 4th ventricle (p.433)

Question 2

Describe the general location of the superior and inferior colliculi.

Answer 2

Dorsal brainstem above the 4th ventricle (p.433)

Question 3

Where is the pineal body?

Answer 3

On the dorsal brainstem (p.433)

Question 4

What is distinct about CN I?

Answer 4

It is the only CN without thalamic relay to the cortex (p.434)

Question 5

What muscles are inneravted by CN III?

Answer 5

Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique (p.434)

Question 6

What are the functions of CN III?

Answer 6

Eye movement, pupillar constriction, accomodation, eyelid opening (p.434)

Question 7

What structures are responsible for pupillary constriction?

Answer 7

Controlled by CN III; sphincter pupillae are controlled by the Edinger-Westphal nucleus and muscarinic receptors (p.434)

Question 8

What muscle is responsible for eyelid opening?

Answer 8

Levator palpebrae (p.434)

Question 9

What is the function of CN IV?

Answer 9

Eye movement; controls the superior oblique (p.434)

Question 10

What are the functions of CN V?

Answer 10

Mastication, facial sensation (opthalmic, maxillary, mamdibular branches), somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue (p.434)

Question 11

What are the three branches of CN V?

Answer 11

Opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular (p.434)

Question 12

What is the function of CN VI?

Answer 12

Eye movement; controls the lateral rectus (p.434)

Question 13

Name six functions of CN VII.

Answer 13

Facial movement, taste from the anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation, salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands), eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi), stapedius muscle in ear (p.434)

Question 14

What glands control salivation and what nerve innervates them?

Answer 14

Submandibular, sublingual- Innervated by CN VII; parotid- innvervated by CN IX (p.434)

Question 15

Through where does the nerve to the stapedius muscle travel?

Answer 15

Through the parotid gland (but it does not innervate it) (p.434)

Question 16

What are the functions of CN VIII?

Answer 16

Hearing, balance (p.434)

Question 17

Name five functions of CN IX?

Answer 17

Taste and somatosensation from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, swallowing, salivation (parotid gland), monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo/ baroreceptors, elevation of the pharynx and larynx (stylopharyngeus) (p.434)

Question 18

What muscle elevates the pharynx and the larynx and what nerve innervates it?

Answer 18

Stylopharyngeus; innervated by CN IX (p.434)

Question 19

Name eight functions of CN X.

Answer 19

Taste from the epiglottic region, swallowing, palate elevation, midline uvula, talking, coughing, thoracoabdominal viscera, monitoring aortic arch chemo and baroreceptors (p.434)

Question 20

What are the functions of CN XI?

Answer 20

Head turning, shoulder shrugging (p.434)

Question 21

What two muscles are innervated by CN XI?

Answer 21

SCM, trapezius (p.434)

Question 22

What is the function of CN XII?

Answer 22

Tongue movement (p.434)

Question 23

Which CNs control sensory function only?

Answer 23

CN I, II, VIII (p.434)

Question 24

Which CNs control motor function only?

Answer 24

CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII (p.434)

Question 25

Which CNs control both sensory and motor function?

Answer 25

CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII (p.434)