Anatomy and Physiology XX Flashcards
Describe the general location of the cerebellar peduncles.
Dorsal brainstem just above, alongside, and below the 4th ventricle (p.433)
Describe the general location of the superior and inferior colliculi.
Dorsal brainstem above the 4th ventricle (p.433)
Where is the pineal body?
On the dorsal brainstem (p.433)
What is distinct about CN I?
It is the only CN without thalamic relay to the cortex (p.434)
What muscles are inneravted by CN III?
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique (p.434)
What are the functions of CN III?
Eye movement, pupillar constriction, accomodation, eyelid opening (p.434)
What structures are responsible for pupillary constriction?
Controlled by CN III; sphincter pupillae are controlled by the Edinger-Westphal nucleus and muscarinic receptors (p.434)
What muscle is responsible for eyelid opening?
Levator palpebrae (p.434)
What is the function of CN IV?
Eye movement; controls the superior oblique (p.434)
What are the functions of CN V?
Mastication, facial sensation (opthalmic, maxillary, mamdibular branches), somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue (p.434)
What are the three branches of CN V?
Opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular (p.434)
What is the function of CN VI?
Eye movement; controls the lateral rectus (p.434)
Name six functions of CN VII.
Facial movement, taste from the anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation, salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands), eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi), stapedius muscle in ear (p.434)
What glands control salivation and what nerve innervates them?
Submandibular, sublingual- Innervated by CN VII; parotid- innvervated by CN IX (p.434)
Through where does the nerve to the stapedius muscle travel?
Through the parotid gland (but it does not innervate it) (p.434)
What are the functions of CN VIII?
Hearing, balance (p.434)
Name five functions of CN IX?
Taste and somatosensation from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, swallowing, salivation (parotid gland), monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo/ baroreceptors, elevation of the pharynx and larynx (stylopharyngeus) (p.434)
What muscle elevates the pharynx and the larynx and what nerve innervates it?
Stylopharyngeus; innervated by CN IX (p.434)
Name eight functions of CN X.
Taste from the epiglottic region, swallowing, palate elevation, midline uvula, talking, coughing, thoracoabdominal viscera, monitoring aortic arch chemo and baroreceptors (p.434)
What are the functions of CN XI?
Head turning, shoulder shrugging (p.434)
What two muscles are innervated by CN XI?
SCM, trapezius (p.434)
What is the function of CN XII?
Tongue movement (p.434)
Which CNs control sensory function only?
CN I, II, VIII (p.434)
Which CNs control motor function only?
CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII (p.434)
Which CNs control both sensory and motor function?
CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII (p.434)
