Anatomy and Physiology VIII

Question 1

What lesion is characteristically associated with Chorea?

Answer 1

Basal ganglia (e.g. Huntington’s) (p.417)

Question 2

What lesion is characteristically associated with Athetosis?

Answer 2

Basal ganglia (e.g. Huntington’s) (p.417)

Question 3

What condition is characteristically associated with resting tremor?

Answer 3

Parkinson’s disease (p.417)

Question 4

What lesion is characteristically associated with Intention tremor?

Answer 4

Cerebellar dysfunction (p.417)

Question 5

How is essential tremor (postural tremor) treated?

Answer 5

Patients often self medicate with EtOH which decreases tremor amplitude; treatment includes B-blockers and primidone (p.417)

Question 6

Name the six key functional areas of the frontal lobe.

Answer 6

Motor speech (Broca’s area; dominant hemisphere); Frontal association areas; Frontal eye fields; Premotor area (part of extrapyramidal circuit); Principal motor area; Principle sensory areas (p.418)

Question 7

What is the function of Broca’s area and where is it located?

Answer 7

Motor speech centre. It is located in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere (p.418)

Question 8

Name one important functional area of the parietal lobe.

Answer 8

Arcuate fasciculus (p.418)

Question 9

Name one important functional area of the occipital lobe.

Answer 9

Principal visual cortex (p.418)

Question 10

Name two important functional areas of the temporal lobe.

Answer 10

Primary auditory cortex; Associative auditory cortex (Wernicke’s area; dominant hemisphere) (p.418)

Question 11

What is the function of Wernicke’s area and where is it located?

Answer 11

Associative Auditory Cortex. It is located in the temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere (p.418)

Question 12

What separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Answer 12

The central sulcus (p.418)

Question 13

What separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe?

Answer 13

The sylvian fissure (p.418)

Question 14

What is the sylvian fissure?

Answer 14

Fissure separating the frontal from the temporal lobe (p.418)

Question 15

What is the central sulcus?

Answer 15

Sulcus separating the frontal from the parietal lobe (p.418)

Question 16

Describe the organization of the primary motor cortex.

Answer 16

Lower body is more medial; upper body/ head is lateral (p.418)

Question 17

What vascular lesion would be implicated by a deficit in lower extremity sensation or movement?

Answer 17

Damage to the anterior cerebral artery (p.418)

Question 18

What condition is associated with bilateral lesions of the amygdala?

Answer 18

Kluver-Bucy syndrome (p.419)

Question 19

Lesions to what area of the brain cause Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

Answer 19

Bilateral lesions to the amygdala (p.419)

Question 20

What are the symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

Answer 20

Hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behaviour (p.419)

Question 21

What condition is Kluver-Bucy syndrome associated with?

Answer 21

HSV-1 (p.419)

Question 22

What symptoms are associated with lesions to the frontal lobe?

Answer 22

Disinhibition and deficits in concentration, orientation, and judgement; may have reemergence of primative reflexes (p.419)

Question 23

What symptoms are associated with lesions to the right parietal lobe?

Answer 23

Spatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of the contralateral side of the world) (p.419)

Question 24

What symptoms are associated with lesions to the reticular activating system (midbrain)?

Answer 24

Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulenss (e.g. coma) (p.419)

Question 25

What syndrome is associated with bilateral lesions of the Mamillary bodies?

Answer 25

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (p.419)