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Radiographic anatomy, physiology and pathology > Pelvis And Hip > Flashcards

Pelvis And Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What structures do the pelvis and hip protect?
(3)

A

The lower portion of the gastrointestinal tract (large intestine)

The lower portion of the urinary system (bladder)

The reproductive organs (for females, it’s the uterus and ovaries)

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2
Q

What is the gastrointestinal tract also known as?

A

Large intestine

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3
Q

What is the function of the pelvis and hip?
(5)

A

To protect several structures (on another card)

To provide structure to the perineum

It suspends the pelvis floor muscles/diaphragm

It contains the external genitalia for people born male- testes

Locomotion (it allows us to move)

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4
Q

How does the pelvis and hip provide locomotion (allow us to move)?

A

Body weight is transmitted to the lower limbs through the pelvis

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5
Q

What are the right and left pelvic bones?
(3)

A

Ilium

Pubis

Ischium

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6
Q

What is the combination of the Ilium, pubis and ischium called?

A

The anomonate bone

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7
Q

Label the pelvic bones:

A
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8
Q

What is the sacrum?

A

The lower portion of the spine

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9
Q

How many sacral vertebra is there in the pelvis?

A

5

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10
Q

What is the bottom end of the spine called?

A

The coccyx

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11
Q

What is the cup part of the pelvis called?

A

The acetabulum

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12
Q

Label the pelvic bones:

A
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13
Q

Label the pelvic bones:

A
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14
Q

What kind of joint is the hip joint?

A

Ball and socket joint

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15
Q

What is found inside the acetabulum?

A

Tri-radiat cartilage

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16
Q

What are the bones of the hip?
(5)

A

Proximal femur

Femoral head

Femoral neck

Greater trochanter

Lesser trochanter

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17
Q

How can we locate the femoral head on the hip?

A

It’s the ball part of the ball and socket joint

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18
Q

What does the femoral neck do?

A

It joins to the body of the femur

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19
Q

How can we locate the greater trochanter?

A

It’s the nobbly bit of the hip

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20
Q

What does the greater trochanter do?

A

It allows the attachment of ligaments and muscles

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21
Q

Label the hip joint:

A
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22
Q

What are the joints of the pelvis?
(4)

A

Lumbosacral joint

Sacroiliac joint

Sacrococcygeal joint

Pubis symphysis

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23
Q

How many lumbar spines are in the pelvis?

A

5

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24
Q

Where is the lumbosacral joint?

A

Between the lumbar spine and sacrum

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25
Where is the sacroiliac joint (SIJ)?
Between the sacrum and ilium
26
Where is the sacrococcygeal joint?
Between the sacrum and coccyx
27
Where is the pubic symphysis?
Between pubic bones
28
Label the joints of the pelvis:
29
What type of joint is the sacro iliac joint (SIJ)?
Diathroidal (moveable) synovial joints
30
Can the anomonate bones move?
Yes
31
What type of joint is the hip joint?
Ball and socket
32
What type of joint is the sacrococcygeal joint and the pubic symphysis?
Symphysis
33
How is the hip joint identifiable?
They have synovial fluid, which reduces friction
34
Label the joints of the hip:
35
Label the joints of the hip:
36
What is important about the acetabulum?
It’s where the 3 main bones of the pelvis meet (attached by the triradiate cartilage)
37
Label the false pelvis:
38
Label the false pelvis:
39
What’s an important feature of the false pelvis?
It contains abdominal features, not pelvic features
40
What’s the function of the false pelvis? (4)
Carrying upper body weight Transfer weight to lower limbs Attachment of trunk muscles Protection of organs
41
Label the true pelvis:
42
Label the true pelvis:
43
What’s the function of the true pelvis? (2)
Protection of internal organs Attachment of muscles, ligaments
44
What separated the greater and lesser pelvis?
The linea terminalis
45
Is the lesser pelvis the true or false pelvis?
True pelvis
46
Is the greater pelvis the true or false pelvis?
False pelvis
47
What are the differences between female and male pelvises? (3)
Females have larger pelvic outlets and inlets Females have a wider pubic arch Female sacrum is less convex (less curvy)
48
Why is it important for females to have larger pelvic outlets pelvic outlets and inlets than males?
Because women have the potential to carry a baby and pass it through the birth canal
49
Why is it important for the female sacrum to be less convex (curvy)?
Because it allows the lesser pelvis to be wider so the baby can pass out
50
What is the labrum?
A soft tissue rim made of fibrous cartilage that surrounds the socket of the ball and socket joint
51
Why is the labrum important?
It allows for stability and cushioning
52
What are the muscles of the pelvis? (4)
Obturator internus Piriformis Levator ani Coccygeus
53
What does the obturator internus do? (2)
Rotates extended thigh laterally (tilt to side) Abducts flexed thigh at the hip (bent knee, lift up and to the side)
54
Where does the piriformis attach to?
The greater trochanter
55
What does the pisiformis do? (3)
It stabilises the hip joint It abducts flexed thigh It rotates extended thigh laterally
56
What does the levator ani do? (2)
It supports pelvis organs It raises the pelvic floor
57
What does the coccygeus do? (2)
It supports the pelvic viscera It draws the coccyx forward
58
What muscles are found in the hip (coxal) (back of the hip)? (5)
Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius and minimus Tensor fasciae latte Piriformis Quadratus femoris
59
What does the gluteus maximus do? (2)
It extends the flexed thigh at the hip and assists in its lateral rotation It abducts and assists in raising trunk
60
What does the gluteus medius and minimus do? (2)
It abducts and medically rotates the thigh at the hip It steadies the pelvis on limb when the opposite limb is raised
61
What does the tensor fasciae latae do? (2)
It abducts, medically rotates and flexes the thigh at the hip It helps to keep the knee extended
62
What does the piriformis do? (3)
It laterally rotates the extended thigh at the hip It abducts the flexed thigh at the hip It steadies the femoral head in acetabulum
63
What does the quadratus femoris do? (2)
It laterally rotates the thigh at the hip It’s part of the hamstring at the back
64
What blood vessels provide blood supply to the pelvis? (4)
Abdominal aorta Common iliac External iliac Common femoral
65
Which blood vessels provide blood supply to the hip? (3)
Femoral artery Deep femoral artery Lateral circumflex artery
66
What is the movement of the pelvis?
Intrapelvic motion
67
What is the movement of the sacrum in the pelvis?
Nutation of the sacrum
68
What is the movement of the ilium bones in the pelvis?
Rotation of the ilium bones
69
Why does the ilium articulate with the sacrum?
To allow the rotation of the ilium bones
70
What’s important about the movement of the ilium bones in the pelvis?
When walking/running, the ilium bones work in opposition
71
What’s important about the movement of the ilium bones in the pelvis?
When walking/running, the ilium bones working opposition
72
What are all the movements of the hip? (6)
Abduction Abduction Flexion Extension Internal rotation External rotation
73
Which pelvic structure sits in line with the pubic symphysis?
The greater trochanter
74
What are the anatomical landmarks for the pelvis and hip? (6)
Umbilicus (naval/bellybutton) Iliac crest Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) Symphysis pubis Greater trochanter
75
What is the vertebral level for the umbilicus (naval/bellybutton)?
L3/4
76
What is the vertebral level for the iliac crest? (2)
L4 and bifurcation of aorta (where the aorta splits off)
77
What is the vertebral level for the ASIS?
2nd sacral segment
78
What is the vertebral level for the PSIS? (2)
L5/S1 SIJs
79
What is the vertebral level for the symphysis pubis? (2)
Coccyx Greater trochanter
80
What is the vertebral level for the greater trochanter?
Symphysis pubis

Radiographic anatomy, physiology and pathology (25 decks)

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