Pelvic limb II Flashcards
What muscle does the proximal caudal femoral artery supply?
Gracilis
What muscles does the middle caudal femoral supply?
Semimembranosus
Adductor
What muscles does the distal caudal femoral artery supply?
Semitendinosus
Gastrocnemius
Which artery dives between interosseus muscles 2 & 3?
Perforating metatarsal
What is the name of the superficial arteries of the dorsal hindpaw?
Dorsal common digital arteries
What is the name of the deep palmar arteries of the hind paw?
Plantar metatarsal arteries
What 2 deep veins form the caudal vena cava?
Common iliac vein
What are the 2 veins of the superficial venous system?
Lateral saphenous vein
Medial saphenous vein
Where is the venepuncture site in dogs?
Cranial branch of lateral saphenous vein
Where is the venepuncture site in cats?
Medial saphenous vein
Is the popliteal lymph node constant? Palpable?
Yes
Yes
Where is the popliteal lymph node located?
Popliteal fossa
What are the afferent lymph vessels of the popliteal fossa?
All distal parts of pelvis limb
What are the efferent lymph vessels of the popliteal lymph node?
Medial iliac lymph node
Femoral lymph node (if present)
Is the superficial inguinal lymph node constant? Palpable?
Yes
Yes
Where is the superficial inguinal lymph node located in the female? Male?
Deep side of inguinal mammary glands
Dorsolateral border of penis
What are the afferent lymph vessels of the superficial inguinal lymph node in the female?
Abdominal mammary glands
Inguinal mammary glands
What are the afferent lymph vessels of the superficial inguinal lymph node in the male?
Penis
Prepuce
Scrotum
Is the iliofemoral/deep inguinal lymph node constant?
No
Where is the location of the deep inguinal lymph node?
Dorsal to deep femoral artery
What are the afferent vessels of the deep inguinal lymph node?
Superficial inguinal lymph node
Popliteal lymph node
Femoral lymph node
What is the efferent lymph vessels of the deep inguinal lymph node?
Medial iliac lymph node
Is the femoral lymph node constant?
No
Where is the femoral lymph node located?
Distal part of femoral triangle
What are the afferent vessels of the femoral lymph node?
Popliteal lymph node
Skin of medial side of pelvis limb
What are the efferent lymph vessels of the femoral lymph node?
Medial iliac Deep inguinal (if present)
What are the lymph nodes for the inguinofemoral lymph center?
Superficial inguinal lymph node
Deep inguinal
Femoral
What are the lymph nodes for the iliosacral lymph center?
Medial iliac
Is the medial iliac lymph node palpable?
No
Does the pelvic limb have a single terminal lymph node? If so, what?
Yes, medial iliac
Where is the medial iliac lymph node located?
Between deep circumflex artery & external iliac artery
What are the afferent lymph vessels of the medial iliac lymph node?
Superficial inguinal
Popliteal
Femoral
Iliofemoral
What are the efferent lymph vessels of the medial iliac lymph node?
Cysterna chyli
Which branches form the lumbosacral plexus?
L4,5,6,7 spinal nerves
S1,2,3 spinal nerves
Where do these spinal nerves exit the intervertebral foramina?
Caudal to vertebrae
What are the nerves of the lumbosacral plexus?
Lateral cutaneous femoral Genitofemoral Femoral Obturator Sciatic Cranial gluteal Caudal gluteal Caudal cutaneous femoral
Where does the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve innervate?
Lateral aspect of thigh & stifle joint
Where is the test site for the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve?
4 cm above greater trochanter
What is the autonomous zone for the genitofemoral nerve?
Medial aspect of thigh
Prepuce, Scrotum
Inguinal mammary glands, vulva
Where is the test site for the genitofemoral nerve?
femoral triangle
What is the most important nerve of the lumbosacral plexus?
Femoral
What muscle does the femoral pass through?
Iliopsoas
What is the cutaneous/superficial branch of the femoral nerve?
Saphenous
What muscle does the femoral nerve innervate?
4 heads of quadriceps femoris
Iliopsoas
What are the signs of a injured femoral nerve?
Paralysis of quadriceps femoris
Leg cannot bar weight
What lumbar spinal nerves make the femoral nerve?
L4, L5, L6
What muscles does the saphenous nerve innervate?
Sartorius
What is the autonomous zone for the saphenous nerve?
Medial aspect of thigh
tarsus is cutaneous w/ sciatic branches
Where is the test site for the saphenous nerve?
4 cm distal to medial epicondyle
Where does the obturator nerve exit the pelvic cavity?
Obturator foramen
Why is the obturator nerve prone to injuries?
Close relationship with body of ilium
What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?
Adductor muscles of limb
Adductor, pectineus, gracilis, external obturator
Does the obturator nerve have any cutaneous branches?
No
What are 2 common causes of obturator nerve injury
Pelvic fracture
Compression of nerve during birth
What are the nerves of the lumbosacral trunk?
Cranial gluteal
Caudal gluteal
Sciatic
What muscles does the cranial gluteal innervate?
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal
Tensor fascia lata
Does the cranial gluteal have cutaneous branches?
No
What muscles does the caudal gluteal innervate?
Superficial gluteal
Cranial biceps femoris
Does the caudal gluteal have cutaneous branches?
No
What is the largest nerve in the body?
Sciatic
What are the 2 terminal branches of the sciatic nerve?
Tibial
Common fibular
What muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate?
Biceps femoris
Quadratus femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
What is the autonomous zone of the sciatic nerve?
Lateral aspect of thigh
Caudal aspect of crus
What are 3 common causes of injury to the sciatic nerve
Fractures
Misdirected IM injections
Complication of hip surgery
What is the smaller terminal branch of the sciatic?
common fibular
What muscles does the common fibular nerve innervate?
Flexor muscles of tarsus (cranial tibial, fibularis longus, fiblaris brevis)
Extensor muscles of digits (long digital extensor, lateral digital extensor)
If the leg it weight bearing but the foot is knuckled over, which nerve was likely damaged?
Common fibular
If there is a loss of sensation of the dorsal paw or dorsolateral crus, which branch of the common fibular nerve was likely damaged?
superficial branch
What are the 2 branches of the tibial nerve?
Medial plantar
Lateral plantar
WHat muscles does the tibial nerve innervate?
Extensor muscles of tarsus (gastrocnemius)
Flexor muscles of the digits (SDF,DDF)
Interossei muscles
If an animal is presented with a dropping hock, which nerve was likely damaged?
Tibial
Where is the caudal cutaneous femoral found?
Medial side of sacrotuberous ligament
Which nerve makes the dorsal common digital nerves?
Superficial fibular
Which nerve make the dorsal metatarsal nerves?
Deep fibular
Which nerve makes the plantar common digital nerves?
Medial plantar
Which nerves makes the plantar metatarsal nerves?
Lateral plantar
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of proximal medial thigh?
Genitofemoral
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of distal medial thigh & crus?
Saphenous
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of the plantar surface of pes?
Tibial
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of dorsolateral and proximal caudal thigh?
caudal cutaneous femoral
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of cranial thigh?
Lateral cutaneous femoral
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of the caudal stifle and hock?
Sciatic
What is the nerve for the autonomous zone of the dorsal hind paw?
Fibular
