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Gross Anatomy > Abdominal Cavity II > Flashcards

Abdominal Cavity II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the segments of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

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2
Q

What are the segments of the large intestine?

A

Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal

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3
Q

What quadrant is the stomach located when empty?

A

Left cranial

Caudal to the liver

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4
Q

Can the stomach be palpated when empty?

A

No

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5
Q

Is the moderately or very full stomach palpable?

A

Both

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6
Q

Between which vertebrae is the moderately full stomach located?

A

T9-T12

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7
Q

Between which vertebrae is the very full stomach located?

A

T9-L3

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8
Q

Aside from palpability, what is the biggest difference between empty and full stomachs?

A

Full stomachs contact abdominal wall

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9
Q

What organs does the parietal surface of the stomach contact?

A

Liver, Diaphragm

Not covered by greater omentum

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10
Q

What organs does the visceral surface of the stomach contact?

A

Pancreas
Intestines
Covered by greater omentum

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11
Q

What is a common sign of a gut torsion?

A

Seeing the greater omentum first (visceral surface of stomach)

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12
Q

What are the regions of the stomach

A

Cardiac
Fundus
Body
Pyloric

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13
Q

What are the 2 segments of the pyloric portion of the stomach

A

Pyloric antrum

Pyloric canal

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14
Q

Which portion of the pyloric region is most narrow?

A

Pyloric canal

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15
Q

What are the 2 openings and respective sphincters of the stomach?

A

cardiac ostium/sphincter

pyloric ostium/sphincter

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16
Q

Where is the cardiac notch located?

A

Between cardiac and fundus

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17
Q

Where is the angular notch located?

A

lower part of lesser curvature

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18
Q

Which curvature is the hepatogastric ligament located?

A

Lesser curvature

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19
Q

Which curvature is the gastrosplenic ligament located?

A

greater

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20
Q

Where is the gastrophrenic ligament located?

A

Between esophageal hiatus and cardiac portion

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21
Q

Where is the cranial duodenal flexure located?

A

Right cranial quadrant

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22
Q

What quadrants does the descending duodenum cross?

A

Cranial right to caudal right quadrant

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23
Q

What is contained in the mesoduodenum?

A

Right lobe of pancreas

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24
Q

What quadrants does the caudal duodenal flexure cross?

A

Right caudal to left caudal quadrant

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25
Q

Does the caudal duodenal flexure lie cranial or caudal to the root of the mesentery?

A

Caudal

26
Q

What quadrants does the ascending duodenum lie in?

A

Caudal left to cranial left

27
Q

What is the surgery landmark located between the ascending duodenum or descending colon?

A

Duodenocolic fold

28
Q

Where is the duodenojejunal flexure located in respect to the root of the mesentery?

A

Left of the root of the mesentery

29
Q

What is the longest part of the small intestine?

A

Jejunum

30
Q

What quadrant is the jejnum located in?

A

Equally in all quadrants

31
Q

Does the greater omentum cover the jejunum?

A

Yes

32
Q

What is the suspensory ligament for the jenum?

A

Mesojejunum

33
Q

Where does the ileum lie in respect to the root of the mesentary?

A

Caudal

34
Q

What quadrants is the ileum usually located in?

A

Left caudal to right caudal

35
Q

What determines the length of the ileum?

A

length of antimesenteric ileal artery

36
Q

What orifice is located between the ileum and the ascending colon?

A

Ileocolic orifice with ileal papilla

37
Q

Where is the cecum located?

A

Right caudal/cranial quadrant

38
Q

What is the ileocecal fold?

A

Aponeurosis between ileum and cecum

39
Q

What is the cecocolic orifice?

A

Cecum opens directly to colon

40
Q

Do the cecum and ileum communicate?

A

NO!!

41
Q

Do dogs have a vermiform appendix?

A

No, developed cecum

42
Q

What is the clinical relevance of the cecum

A

Whipworms

43
Q

Where is the ascending colon located?

A

Right caudal quadrant to right cranial quadrant

44
Q

What is the shortest piece of the colon?

A

Ascending colon

45
Q

Where is the right colic flexure located?

A

Right cranial quadrant

46
Q

Where is the transverse colon located?

A

right cranial to left cranial quadrant

47
Q

Where is transverse colon in respect to the root of the mesentery?

A

Cranial

48
Q

Where is the left colic flexure located?

A

Left cranial quadrant

49
Q

Where is the descending colon located?

A

Left cranial to left caudal quadrant

50
Q

What is the longest portion of the colon?

A

Descending colon

51
Q

Which part of the GI tract is used to manipulate the visceral to the left (to see the right dorsal abdominal wall)?

A

Descending duodenum

52
Q

Which part of the GI tract is used to manipulate the viscera to the right (to see the left dorsal abdominal wall?)

A

Descending colon

53
Q

Where does the rectum begin?

A

Pelvic inlet after descending colon

54
Q

What covers the cranial portion of the rectum?

A

Peritoneum

55
Q

What suspends the cranial portion of the rectum?

A

Mesorectum

56
Q

Is the caudal portion of the rectum located in the pararectal fossa?

A

No, it is located caudal to pararectal fossa

57
Q

Is the caudal portion of the rectal covered with peritoneum?

A

No, it is located in the retroperitonal space

58
Q

What is the rectal ampulla?

A

Dilation of rectum

59
Q

What are the 3 zones of the anal canal?

A

Columnar zone
Intermediate zone
Cutaneous zone

60
Q

Which zone do anal sacs open to?

A

Inner part of cutaneous zone

61
Q

What structures are located in the columnar zone?

A

Anal columns

Anal sinuses

62
Q

What structures open to the outer part of the cutaneous zone?

A

Circumanal glands

Gross Anatomy (28 decks)

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