Abdominal Cavity II Flashcards
What are the segments of the small intestine?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
What are the segments of the large intestine?
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal
What quadrant is the stomach located when empty?
Left cranial
Caudal to the liver
Can the stomach be palpated when empty?
No
Is the moderately or very full stomach palpable?
Both
Between which vertebrae is the moderately full stomach located?
T9-T12
Between which vertebrae is the very full stomach located?
T9-L3
Aside from palpability, what is the biggest difference between empty and full stomachs?
Full stomachs contact abdominal wall
What organs does the parietal surface of the stomach contact?
Liver, Diaphragm
Not covered by greater omentum
What organs does the visceral surface of the stomach contact?
Pancreas
Intestines
Covered by greater omentum
What is a common sign of a gut torsion?
Seeing the greater omentum first (visceral surface of stomach)
What are the regions of the stomach
Cardiac
Fundus
Body
Pyloric
What are the 2 segments of the pyloric portion of the stomach
Pyloric antrum
Pyloric canal
Which portion of the pyloric region is most narrow?
Pyloric canal
What are the 2 openings and respective sphincters of the stomach?
cardiac ostium/sphincter
pyloric ostium/sphincter
Where is the cardiac notch located?
Between cardiac and fundus
Where is the angular notch located?
lower part of lesser curvature
Which curvature is the hepatogastric ligament located?
Lesser curvature
Which curvature is the gastrosplenic ligament located?
greater
Where is the gastrophrenic ligament located?
Between esophageal hiatus and cardiac portion
Where is the cranial duodenal flexure located?
Right cranial quadrant
What quadrants does the descending duodenum cross?
Cranial right to caudal right quadrant
What is contained in the mesoduodenum?
Right lobe of pancreas
What quadrants does the caudal duodenal flexure cross?
Right caudal to left caudal quadrant
Does the caudal duodenal flexure lie cranial or caudal to the root of the mesentery?
Caudal
What quadrants does the ascending duodenum lie in?
Caudal left to cranial left
What is the surgery landmark located between the ascending duodenum or descending colon?
Duodenocolic fold
Where is the duodenojejunal flexure located in respect to the root of the mesentery?
Left of the root of the mesentery
What is the longest part of the small intestine?
Jejunum
What quadrant is the jejnum located in?
Equally in all quadrants
Does the greater omentum cover the jejunum?
Yes
What is the suspensory ligament for the jenum?
Mesojejunum
Where does the ileum lie in respect to the root of the mesentary?
Caudal
What quadrants is the ileum usually located in?
Left caudal to right caudal
What determines the length of the ileum?
length of antimesenteric ileal artery
What orifice is located between the ileum and the ascending colon?
Ileocolic orifice with ileal papilla
Where is the cecum located?
Right caudal/cranial quadrant
What is the ileocecal fold?
Aponeurosis between ileum and cecum
What is the cecocolic orifice?
Cecum opens directly to colon
Do the cecum and ileum communicate?
NO!!
Do dogs have a vermiform appendix?
No, developed cecum
What is the clinical relevance of the cecum
Whipworms
Where is the ascending colon located?
Right caudal quadrant to right cranial quadrant
What is the shortest piece of the colon?
Ascending colon
Where is the right colic flexure located?
Right cranial quadrant
Where is the transverse colon located?
right cranial to left cranial quadrant
Where is transverse colon in respect to the root of the mesentery?
Cranial
Where is the left colic flexure located?
Left cranial quadrant
Where is the descending colon located?
Left cranial to left caudal quadrant
What is the longest portion of the colon?
Descending colon
Which part of the GI tract is used to manipulate the visceral to the left (to see the right dorsal abdominal wall)?
Descending duodenum
Which part of the GI tract is used to manipulate the viscera to the right (to see the left dorsal abdominal wall?)
Descending colon
Where does the rectum begin?
Pelvic inlet after descending colon
What covers the cranial portion of the rectum?
Peritoneum
What suspends the cranial portion of the rectum?
Mesorectum
Is the caudal portion of the rectum located in the pararectal fossa?
No, it is located caudal to pararectal fossa
Is the caudal portion of the rectal covered with peritoneum?
No, it is located in the retroperitonal space
What is the rectal ampulla?
Dilation of rectum
What are the 3 zones of the anal canal?
Columnar zone
Intermediate zone
Cutaneous zone
Which zone do anal sacs open to?
Inner part of cutaneous zone
What structures are located in the columnar zone?
Anal columns
Anal sinuses
What structures open to the outer part of the cutaneous zone?
Circumanal glands
