Abdominal cavity III Flashcards
What is the largest gland in the body?
Liver
Name the 2 major functions of the liver
Cardohydrate metabolism
Detoxifying blood
What % of body weight is the average liver?
2-3%
Is it common to see smaller livers in older animals?
Yes due to atrophy
Is the liver palpable in a healthy dog?
No
What quadrants is the liver in?
Left and right cranial quadrant
What is the diaphragmatic surface of the liver also called?
Parietal surface
Where does the falciform and round ligament sit in respect to the liver?
Between left medial and quadrate lobe
Where should a biopsy be taken on the liver?
Left of the xiphoid process
What is the purpose of the coronary ligament?
COnnects the triangular ligaments to falciform ligament on diaphragm
Where is the hepatorenal ligament located?
Connects caudate process of caudate lobe to right kidney
What is the function of the gallbladder?
Temporarily store bile
What are the segments of the gallbladder?
Neck, Body, Fundus
What is the name of the duct that the gallbladder drains in to?
Cystic duct
When does the cystic duct become the bile duct?
After left hepatic ducts join
Where does the bile duct drain to?
Duodenum via major duodenal papilla
Which lobe is the most common site for pancreatic biopsy?
Left lobe
Which pancreatic lobe is located in the mesoduodenum?
RIght
Where does the pancreatic duct drain to?
Major duodenal papilla w/ bile duct
Which lobe does the pancreatic duct primarily drain?
Right lobe
Which lobe does the accessory pancreatic duct primarily drain?
Left
Where does the accessory pancreatic duct drain to?
Minor duodenal papilla
Which pancreatic duct is only present in felines 20% of the time?
Accessory pancreatic duct
How is it possible that 2 ducts can drain the entire pancreas?
Connection between pancreatic & accessory pancreatic ducts
What is the sphincter of Oddi?
Opening of bile duct
What quadrant is the spleen located?
Left cranial & left caudal
Where does the abdominal aorta terminate?
L7
What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?
External iliac
Internal iliac
Median sacral
What 3 major branches come off the celiac artery?
Splenic
Left gastric
Hepatic
Which artery follows the mesoduodenum?
Caudal pancreaticoduodenal
What artery supplis the ileum, cecum and colon?
Ileocolic artery
Near which vertebrae does the caudal mesenteric branch from the abdominal aorta?
L5-L6
What are the unpaired visceral branches from the abdominal aorta?
Celiac mesentery
Cranial mesentery
Caudal mesentery
What are the paired visceral branches from the abdominal aorta?
Renal arteries
Testicular arteries
OVarian arteries
What are anomalous veins?
Shunts
Irregularities
What do the left & right common iliac veins anastomose to form?
Caudal vena cava
What is the root vein of the portal vein? When does it become the portal vein?
Cranial mesenteric vein
After caudal mesenteric joins
How does the portal circulation get back to caudal vena cava?
Portal vein becomes hepatic veins
Hepatic veins dump in to caudal vena cava
What is the normal venous pathway from intestines to caudal vena cava?
Cranial mesenteric vein + spelnic vein =
Portal vein + liver =
Hepatic vein to caudal vena cava
What are portosystemic shunts?
Anomalous vessels that allow portal blood to pass directly to systemic circulation
What is the clinical relevance of portosystemic shunts?
Allows blood to return to systemic circulation without detoxification
What’s the most common portosystemic shunt?
Extrahepatic
How many vessels make up the extrahepatic portosystemic shunt?
1
Is the portosystemic shunt congenital or acquired?
Congenital
What is an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?
Shunts inside the liver
How many vessels make an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?
Multiple
Is an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt usually congenital or acquired?
Acquired
Where is the most common site of the extrahepatic portosystemic shunt?
Epiploic foramen
