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Gross Anatomy > Abdominal cavity III > Flashcards

Abdominal cavity III Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest gland in the body?

A

Liver

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2
Q

Name the 2 major functions of the liver

A

Cardohydrate metabolism

Detoxifying blood

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3
Q

What % of body weight is the average liver?

A

2-3%

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4
Q

Is it common to see smaller livers in older animals?

A

Yes due to atrophy

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5
Q

Is the liver palpable in a healthy dog?

A

No

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6
Q

What quadrants is the liver in?

A

Left and right cranial quadrant

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7
Q

What is the diaphragmatic surface of the liver also called?

A

Parietal surface

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8
Q

Where does the falciform and round ligament sit in respect to the liver?

A

Between left medial and quadrate lobe

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9
Q

Where should a biopsy be taken on the liver?

A

Left of the xiphoid process

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the coronary ligament?

A

COnnects the triangular ligaments to falciform ligament on diaphragm

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11
Q

Where is the hepatorenal ligament located?

A

Connects caudate process of caudate lobe to right kidney

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12
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Temporarily store bile

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13
Q

What are the segments of the gallbladder?

A

Neck, Body, Fundus

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14
Q

What is the name of the duct that the gallbladder drains in to?

A

Cystic duct

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15
Q

When does the cystic duct become the bile duct?

A

After left hepatic ducts join

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16
Q

Where does the bile duct drain to?

A

Duodenum via major duodenal papilla

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17
Q

Which lobe is the most common site for pancreatic biopsy?

A

Left lobe

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18
Q

Which pancreatic lobe is located in the mesoduodenum?

A

RIght

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19
Q

Where does the pancreatic duct drain to?

A

Major duodenal papilla w/ bile duct

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20
Q

Which lobe does the pancreatic duct primarily drain?

A

Right lobe

21
Q

Which lobe does the accessory pancreatic duct primarily drain?

A

Left

22
Q

Where does the accessory pancreatic duct drain to?

A

Minor duodenal papilla

23
Q

Which pancreatic duct is only present in felines 20% of the time?

A

Accessory pancreatic duct

24
Q

How is it possible that 2 ducts can drain the entire pancreas?

A

Connection between pancreatic & accessory pancreatic ducts

25
Q

What is the sphincter of Oddi?

A

Opening of bile duct

26
Q

What quadrant is the spleen located?

A

Left cranial & left caudal

27
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta terminate?

A

L7

28
Q

What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

External iliac
Internal iliac
Median sacral

29
Q

What 3 major branches come off the celiac artery?

A

Splenic
Left gastric
Hepatic

30
Q

Which artery follows the mesoduodenum?

A

Caudal pancreaticoduodenal

31
Q

What artery supplis the ileum, cecum and colon?

A

Ileocolic artery

32
Q

Near which vertebrae does the caudal mesenteric branch from the abdominal aorta?

A

L5-L6

33
Q

What are the unpaired visceral branches from the abdominal aorta?

A

Celiac mesentery
Cranial mesentery
Caudal mesentery

34
Q

What are the paired visceral branches from the abdominal aorta?

A

Renal arteries
Testicular arteries
OVarian arteries

35
Q

What are anomalous veins?

A

Shunts

Irregularities

36
Q

What do the left & right common iliac veins anastomose to form?

A

Caudal vena cava

37
Q

What is the root vein of the portal vein? When does it become the portal vein?

A

Cranial mesenteric vein

After caudal mesenteric joins

38
Q

How does the portal circulation get back to caudal vena cava?

A

Portal vein becomes hepatic veins

Hepatic veins dump in to caudal vena cava

39
Q

What is the normal venous pathway from intestines to caudal vena cava?

A

Cranial mesenteric vein + spelnic vein =

Portal vein + liver =
Hepatic vein to caudal vena cava

40
Q

What are portosystemic shunts?

A

Anomalous vessels that allow portal blood to pass directly to systemic circulation

41
Q

What is the clinical relevance of portosystemic shunts?

A

Allows blood to return to systemic circulation without detoxification

42
Q

What’s the most common portosystemic shunt?

A

Extrahepatic

43
Q

How many vessels make up the extrahepatic portosystemic shunt?

A

1

44
Q

Is the portosystemic shunt congenital or acquired?

A

Congenital

45
Q

What is an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?

A

Shunts inside the liver

46
Q

How many vessels make an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?

A

Multiple

47
Q

Is an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt usually congenital or acquired?

A

Acquired

48
Q

Where is the most common site of the extrahepatic portosystemic shunt?

A

Epiploic foramen

Gross Anatomy (28 decks)

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