Muscle actions, origins, insertions - Pelvic limb Flashcards
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: Tuber coxae
Insertion: Fascia lata
Action: Tenses fascia lata, flex coxal joint, extends genual joint
Superficial gluteal
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Third trochanter
Action: Abduct the limb, minor extension of the coxal joint
Middle gluteal
Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Extend coxal joint, abduct limb, rotate pelvic limb medially
Piriformis
Origin: Sacrum and first caudal vertebrae
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Extend coxal joint
Deep Gluteal
Origin: Body of ilium and ischiatic spine
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Abduct limb and extend coxal joint
Articularis coxae (ID only)
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: neck of femur
Action: adjusts & protects coxal joint capsule
External obturator
Origin: Ventral aspect of ox coxae by obturator foramen
Insertion: Trochanteric fossa
Action: Adduct and/or rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
Internal obturator
Origin: dorsal aspect of os coxae by obturator foramen
Insertion: Trochanteric fossa
Action: Rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
Gemelli
Origin: Lateral aspect of ischium
Insertion: Trochanteric fossa
Action: Rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ventral aspect of ischium
Insertion: caudal femur by trochanteric fossa
Action: Extend coxal joint, adduct and/or rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
Biceps femoris
Origin: Ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: patella, tibia, calcaneon tuber
Action: Extend coxal joint, extend tarsocrural joint
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: tibia and calcaneon tuber
Action: extend coxal joint, extend tarsocruraljoint
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: distal femur and proximal tibia
Action: Extend coxal joint, variable action on genual joint
Sartorius
Origin: Crest of ilium
Insertion: Medial aspect of genual region
Action: Flex coxal joint, extend genual joint (cranial head)
Flex genual joint (caudal head)
Gracilis
Origin: Pelvic symphysis
Insertion: medial aspect of genual region
Action: adduct limb, extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint
Pectineus
Origin: Iliopubic eminence
Insertion: Distal body of femur
Action: adduct limb
Adductor
Origin: ventral surface of ox coxae
Insertion: caudal surface of femur
Action: adduct the limb, extend coxal joint
Quadriceps femoris - rectus femoirs
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Flex coxal joint, extend genual joint
Quadriceps femoris - vastus lateralis, intermedius, medialis
Origin: proximal femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: extend genual joint
Iliopsoas
Origin: Ilium, lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flex coxal joint
Cranial tibial
Origin: Lateral aspect of proximal tibia
Insertion: Plantar base of metatarsals 1 and 2
Action: Flex tarsocrurual joint and rotate paw laterally
Long digital extensor
Origin: Extensor fossa
Insertion: Extensor processes of distal phalanges
Action: Extend genual joint, flex tarsocrural joint, extend digital joint
Lateral digital extensor
Origin: Proximal aspect of fibula
Insertion: Lateral digits 3 - 5
Action: Flex tarsocrural joint and extend digital joints
Fibularis longus
Origin: Laterally collateral ligament of genual joint
Insertion: 4th tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsals
Action: Flex tarsocrural joint, rotate paw medially
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Distal caudal femur
Insertion: Calcaneon tuber
Action: Flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint
Superficial digital flexor
Origin: Lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
Insertion: Calcaneon tuber and bases of middle phalanges
Action: Flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal phalangeal joints
Deep digital flexor
Origin: Proximal caudal aspect of tibia and fibula
Insertion: Flexor tubercle of distal phalanges
Action: Extend tarsocrural joint, flex digital joint
Popliteus
Origin: popliteal fossa
Insertion: proximal caudal aspect of tibia
Action: flex genual joint, rotate leg medially
What 5 muscles make up the common calcaneon tendon?
Biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, gracilis, semitendinosus, superficial digital flexor
