Pathoma 10.5 Small Bowel

Question 1

Give the dx: Congenital failure of small bowel to canalize - duodenum is ending in a blind loop; Polyhydraminos; “Double bubble” sign; Bilious vomiting

Answer 1

Duodenal Atresia

Question 2

Duodenal Atresia is commonly associated with:

Answer 2

Down Syndrome

Question 3

Dx: Outpouching of all three layers of bowel wall; Arises due to failure of vitelline duct to involute

Answer 3

Meckel Diverticulum

Question 4

Volvulus is found in the elderly in:

Answer 4

sigmoid colon

Question 5

Volvulus is found in the young in:

Answer 5

Cecum

Question 6

Genetic mutation associated with Celiac disease:

Answer 6

HLA DQ2 and DQ8

Question 7

Where is the villous damage in tropical sprue?

Answer 7

Most prominent in the jejunum and ileum (in celiac, damage is in duodenum); Respond to antibiotic tx

Question 8

Folic acid is mostly reabsorbed in

Answer 8

Jejunum

Question 9

Apolipoprotein B-48 dies:

Answer 9

makes chylomicrons (no chylomicrons –> malabsorption) seen in Abetalipoproteinemia

Question 10

Apolipoprotein B-100 function

Answer 10

make VLDL and LDL

Question 11

Neuroendocrine tumors such as carcinoid tumors are positive for:

Answer 11

Chromogranin

Question 12

In carcinoid syndrome, why does only the right heart develop fibrosis?

Answer 12

Because the serotonin in the circulation goes to the lung and is converted to 5-HIAA by monoamine oxidase which is nontoxic to the heart