Microbiology - Congenital and Neonatal Infections - Jennifer Moffat Flashcards
What is the definitive diagnosis of congenital infection of a neonate?
Definitive diagnosis: isolate pathogen from infant
Sample urine, saliva, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), nasopharyngeal swabs, etc.
What is the most common congenital infection in this country?
CMV (Herpesvirus)
What is the classic triad of neonatal infection with toxoplasmosis?
Chorioretinitis;
Hydrocephalus;
Intracranial calcifications
However, most affected infants are asymptomatic
What is the diagnostic test for Toxo in infants?
IgM+;
Direct observation of cysts;
Do serology on mom and baby
What is the treatment of Toxo?
Pyrimethamine plus Sulfadiazine, Folinic acid, 1 year
Two thirds of infants infected with congenital syphilis are asymptomatic. What are the common manifestations if symptomatic?
Large, puffy placenta Rhinitis Hepatomegaly Rash Lymphadenopathy
What is the treatment of Toxo?
Treat mother and infant with penicillin G IV or IM for 10 days
Blueberry muffin rashes are seen in what two congenital infections?
Rubella;
CMV
What is the most common symptom of congenital rubella?
Hearing loss
How is congenital CMV diagnosed?
PCR on urine or blood
Culture virus from urine or saliva
What are the treatments for CMV?
Ganciclovir IV
Valganciclovir PO
What is the treatment of HSV in the infant?
IV acyclovir for infant
How is HSV infection prevented in the neonate?
C-section birth
Antiviral prophylaxis
What is the presentation of an infant with HSV?
Encephalitis, disseminated infection
Rare, devastating
How is GBS infection in neonates prevented?
Itrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis (IAP) of Pen G
