Paraneoplastic syndromes Flashcards
What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia?
Hypercalcemia of malignancy
What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia of malignency?
Lymphoma
What other differentials for hypercalcemia?
Granulomas
Osteolysis
Spurious
Hyperparathyroidism**
D- vitamin D toxicity in dogs
Addison’s dz
Renal failure
Neoplasia **
Idiopathic
Tumors
What other differentials for hypercalcemia of malignancy?
Anal sac tumor
Thymoma
Parathyroid Adenocarcinoma
Carcinomas (SCC)
Multiple myelomas
Interpret a “malignancy panel”
Low PTH: high calcium
PTHrp +: tumor present in the body
Elevated Ca, ↓ P, ↑ PTH = hyperparathyroidism
Why should you not tx with prednisome until samples for dx are taken?
Because it treats lymphoma
What is contained in mast cell granules
Histamine
How does increased histamine and gastrin induce ulcers
Histamine receptors cause ↑ acid production
Excess gastrin = gastric hyperacidity
How do you tx ulcers?
H2 blockers, proton- pump inhibitors
Sucralfate
How do you dx insulinoma
Inappropriate elevation of insulin in the face of low blood glucose
How do you tx insulinoma
Surgical removal pancreatic mass
Glucagon and dextrose infusion (CRI)
Avoid sugars, small frequent meals
Pred, diaxoide and streptozoticin
What is the cause of anemia in most cancer patients?
↓ RBC production, serium iron derangement, ↓ RBC lifespan, and disordered erythropoietin
What tumor-types are associated with DIC?
Vascular tumors (HSA)
For hypertrophic patients, what imaging is indicated to find the underlying cause?
