Dentistry parts 1 & 2 Flashcards
Which dog breeds have mesaticephalic skull types?
Golden retrievers, shepherds, beagles
(normal length)
Which dog breeds have dolichocephalic skull types?
Daschunds, standard poodles, greyhound, doberman, whippets, collies
Comes with extra teeth and narrow mandible
Which dogs breeds have brachycephalic skull types
Boxer*, bull dogs, bull mastiff, cane corso , rottie, pug, pekingese, etc.
What problems do breeds with brachycephalic skull types have?
Abnormal bites
Rotation/ teeth crowding
Missing/ extra teeth (boxers usually predisposed to this → impaction)
Incisors
Picking objects, nibbling-off small meat off the bone, grooming
Canines
Preying (stabbing), catching and holding prey, tearing lower K9 teeth holding tongue in place
Premolars
Breaking into small pieces (shearing with sharp edges)
Molars
Grindings (wide occlusal surface)
K9 teeth
Deciduous: 2x (I 3/3, K9 1/1, PM 3/3)= 28
Permanent: 2x (I 3/3, K9 1/1, PM 4/4, M 2/3)=42
Feline teeth
Deciduous: 2x (I 3/3, K9 1/1, PM 3/2)= 26
Permanent: 2x (I 3/3, K9 1/1, PM 3/2, M 1/1)= 30
How does the feline Triaden System differ than K9s?
5 and 10 missing at the top
5 and 6, 10 and 11 missing on the bottom
Only 3 cheek teeth on the bottom
Carnassial teeth
Largest cheek teeth
Upper 4th PM (108 & 208)
Lower 1st M (309 & 409)
Normal occlusion
Scissor bite @ incisors
Shearing PM with maxillary teeth to mandibular teeth
Cheek teeth: pinking shears
Diastema
Gap between teeth
Space between 103/203 and 404/304 and 104/204
Malocclusion (mesioversion) Class 1
Normal jaw relationship
One or more teeth out of alignment or rotated
MAL 1/ MV tx
Early detection
Anesthetize oral exam (rule out trauma)
Rads to rule out root pathology
Determine client compliance
Benign monitoring/ orthodontics referral /extraction
Malocclusion (Linguoversion) Class 1
Linguoversion (LV): tooth with lingual deviation
Common with standard poodles, new poodle mixes
MAL 1/ LV tx
same as MV
Extraction of deciduous if any +/- crown shortening with endodontics
MAL2 (mandibular distoclusion)
Mandible shorter than maxilla
Overbite, overjet, parrot mouth and overshot
AKA mandibular brachygnathism
MAL3 (mandibular mesioclusion)
Mandible longer than maxilla
Underbite, undershot
AKA mandibular prognathism
MAL4 (maxillomandibular asymmetry)
Asymmetry in a rostrocaudal, side to side or dorsoventral direction
Enamel
Hardest and most mineralized tissue in the body
0.5 mm in dog and 0.2 mm in cats
Cannot be restored
Dentine
Bulk of tooth continuously deposited through life
Reparative or tertiary dentine (second to trauma o excessive wear)
Enamel defect → dentine is brown
Pulp
CT, BVs, lymphatics and nerves → provides nutrition
Pulp chamber (canal), root canal (root)
Peridontium
Composed by:
1. Gingiva: ST surrounding tooth and alveolar bone
2. Periodontal ligament: attaches root cementum to alveolar bone
3. Cementum
4. Alveolar bone
Cementum
Avascular bone-like tissue
Tooth support (connects tooth to body)
What is the purpose of a dental
Cleaning, diagnostic imaging, probing, and tx as needed
prophy: prevention of dz
Oral assessment, treatment and prevention (oral ATP)/ Complete oral health assessment and treatment (COHAT)
- Intubation
- Diagnostic imaging
- Chlorhexidine lavage
- Supra-gingival cleaning above gum line
- Sub-gingival cleaning below gum line
- Tooth by tooth oral exam and charting
- +/- exodontics or endodontics
- +/- periodontal therapy (doxirobe)
- +/- anti-plaque sealants (oravet, SANOS)
- +/- fluoride
Radiography checkpoints
Ligament (wide or lost)
Pulp width (large)
Root of apex
