Pancreatic dz Flashcards

1
Q

Different categories of pancreatitis

A

Acute, chr., rapid onset and recurrent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Initiation of pancreatitis

A

Pancreatic duct obstruction
Intraductal bile or enzyme injection
Duodenal reflux
Pancreatic ischemia
Diet induced
Hyperstimulation induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Etiology of pancreatitis

A

Idiopathic, obesity, high fat diets, trauma, ischemia, hypercalcemia
Hyperlipidemia/ hyperlipoproteinemia (hereditary and endocrine dz)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drugs that cause pancreatitis

A

Thiazide diuretics, furosemide, azathioprine, L-asparginase, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, glucos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dz associations of pancreatitis

A

Feline inflammatory hepatic dz
Hepatic lipidosis
IBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Complications of pancreatitis

A

DB, diabetes ketoacidosis, pancreatic abscesses or pseudocysts, cardiac arrhythmias, abdominal distention and DIC
Septicemia, bile duct obstruction, resp. distress, renal failure, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CS of pancreatitis for K9s

A

V/D, abdominal pain, fever, pyrexia, lethargy, anorexia, shock, collapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CS of pancreatitis for cats

A

Anorexia, lethargy, dehydration, hypothermia, V/D, abdominal pain, dyspnea and ataxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CBC on pancreatitis

A

Hemoconcentration, non-regen anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, left shift, stress and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Serum chemistry on pancreatitis

A

↑ ALT, AST (hepatocellular injury, inflamm. mediators, ischemia, extension of enzymes)
↑ALP and BR (cholestasis)
↑ BUN, creatinine (dehydration, renal failure)
↓ Ca (saphonificaiton of fat)
↓ albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Imaging of pancreatitis

A

↑ opacity right cranial abdomen
Displacement of desc. duodenum / stomach
Gas filled desc. duodenum
↓ abdominal detail
Widening of gastric duodenal angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

US of pancreatitis

A

Hypoechoic pancreatic parenchyma (acute)
Hyperechoic pancreatic parenchyma (chr)
Hyperechoic mesentery
Enlargement of the pancreas
Peritoneal effusion
Present of cysts or masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the gold standard for pancreatitis?

A

Pancreatic bx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cytokine tests for pancreatitis

A

↑ phospholipase A2, C-reactive protein, PMNE
↑ IL-6, 8 and 10
↓ a2- macroglobulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of pancreatitis

A

Fluid therapy: hypovolemia, deydration, hypotension
NPO (initially in dogs, not cats)
Enteral feeding: nasoesoph.
Low fat diet
Plasma transfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Medical tx of pancreatitis

A

Broad spectrum abx
Antiemetics: maropitant, meoclopramide, odansetron
Analgesia (bupren, ketamine, lidocaine, fent)

17
Q

Exocrine Pancreatic insufficiency

A

Inadequate production of pancreatic digestive enzymes
CS when 90% of pancreas destroyed
Exocrine pancreas involved, endocrine with extensive dz

18
Q

Histopath of EPI

A

Acine cell apoptosis, zymogen granule loss, cytosplasmic clearing/ vaculolization
Lobular atrophy, islet cell loss, lymphocytic and plasmacytic pancreatitis

19
Q

Genetic predisposition of EPI

A

Shepherds, rough coated collie
Autosomal recessive inheritance, pancreatic atrophy with infiltrates of lymphos

20
Q

Etiology of dogs with EPI

A

Autoimmune pancreatic atrophy
Congential
Pancreatic neoplasia
Breed disposition
Clinical dz 1-5yr

21
Q

Etiology of cats with EPI

A

Congenital from with DM
Pancreatic fluke
Clinical dz

22
Q

CS of EPI in dogs

A

↑ fecal vol and frequency
WL, flatulence, polyphagia, pica, coprophagia, yellow-grey fecal color

23
Q

CS of EPI in cats

A

Steatorrhea, intermittent watery diarrhea
Greasy/ unkempt haircoat
Nervousness and aggressive behavior
Vomiting, coagulopathy

24
Q

Differentials for EPI

A

Hyperthyroidism, DM, IBD, pythiosis, giardia, GI lymphoma

25
Q

Testing pancreatic function

A

TLI, Fecal proteolytic activity, PLI, serum lipase, fat absorption, microscopic examination of feces

26
Q

Tx of EPI

A

Pancreatic enzyme extract
CS resolve 2-3 d