Pancreatic dz Flashcards
Different categories of pancreatitis
Acute, chr., rapid onset and recurrent
Initiation of pancreatitis
Pancreatic duct obstruction
Intraductal bile or enzyme injection
Duodenal reflux
Pancreatic ischemia
Diet induced
Hyperstimulation induced
Etiology of pancreatitis
Idiopathic, obesity, high fat diets, trauma, ischemia, hypercalcemia
Hyperlipidemia/ hyperlipoproteinemia (hereditary and endocrine dz)
Drugs that cause pancreatitis
Thiazide diuretics, furosemide, azathioprine, L-asparginase, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, glucos
Dz associations of pancreatitis
Feline inflammatory hepatic dz
Hepatic lipidosis
IBD
Complications of pancreatitis
DB, diabetes ketoacidosis, pancreatic abscesses or pseudocysts, cardiac arrhythmias, abdominal distention and DIC
Septicemia, bile duct obstruction, resp. distress, renal failure, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
CS of pancreatitis for K9s
V/D, abdominal pain, fever, pyrexia, lethargy, anorexia, shock, collapse
CS of pancreatitis for cats
Anorexia, lethargy, dehydration, hypothermia, V/D, abdominal pain, dyspnea and ataxia
CBC on pancreatitis
Hemoconcentration, non-regen anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, left shift, stress and inflammation
Serum chemistry on pancreatitis
↑ ALT, AST (hepatocellular injury, inflamm. mediators, ischemia, extension of enzymes)
↑ALP and BR (cholestasis)
↑ BUN, creatinine (dehydration, renal failure)
↓ Ca (saphonificaiton of fat)
↓ albumin
Imaging of pancreatitis
↑ opacity right cranial abdomen
Displacement of desc. duodenum / stomach
Gas filled desc. duodenum
↓ abdominal detail
Widening of gastric duodenal angle
US of pancreatitis
Hypoechoic pancreatic parenchyma (acute)
Hyperechoic pancreatic parenchyma (chr)
Hyperechoic mesentery
Enlargement of the pancreas
Peritoneal effusion
Present of cysts or masses
What is the gold standard for pancreatitis?
Pancreatic bx
Cytokine tests for pancreatitis
↑ phospholipase A2, C-reactive protein, PMNE
↑ IL-6, 8 and 10
↓ a2- macroglobulins
Tx of pancreatitis
Fluid therapy: hypovolemia, deydration, hypotension
NPO (initially in dogs, not cats)
Enteral feeding: nasoesoph.
Low fat diet
Plasma transfusion