Paracetamol

Question 1

What is the Pathophysiology of Paracetamol.

Answer 1

Is a Antipyretic (fever), Analgesic (pain).

Exact mechanism is unclear, however thought to inhibit prostoglandin synthesis in the CNS.

Question 2

What is the Presentation of Paracetamol and how is it Metabolized

Answer 2

Presentation

• 500mg Tablets
• 120mg in 5ml Liquid

Metabolized
- by the liver excreted by the Kidneys.

Question 3

What are the Indications and Contraindications of Paracetamol

Answer 3

Indications
- Mild pain relief.

Contraindications (3x P 2x Age)

• Previously administered in the last 4 hours
• Max of 4g in the last 24 Hours or 60mg/kg.
• Paracetamol Hypersensitivity.
• Children < 1 month
• Chest Pain Associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Question 4

What are the Side Effects and Precautions of Paracetamol

Answer 4

Side Effects

• Hypersensitivity reactions including skin rash
• Hematological reaction (rare)

Precautions (MEL)

• Elderly and frail.
• Impaired hepatic function or liver disease.
• Malnourished.

Question 5

Route of Administration and Special Notes

Answer 5

Route of Administration

• Oral
• IV

Special Notes

• Carefully determine if any previous doses have been administered.
• The usual dose for children is 15mg/kg per dose, with a max of 60mg/kg. This equates to 4 doses in 24 hours.
• Hepatic damage is very rare when paracetamol is taken at recommended doses.
• Paracetamol is not recommended for the treatment of fever in an emergency setting.

Onset: 30 Minutes
Peak: N/A
Duration: 4 hours