Heparin

Question 1

What is the Pharmacology of Heparin

Answer 1

Heparin is an Anticoagulant.
Actions
- Inactivates Clotting Factor IIa (Thrombin) and Xa by Binding to Antithrombin III.

Question 2

What is Heparin’s presentation and how is it Metabolized.

Answer 2

Presentation
- 5000 units in 5 ml plastic ampule.

Metabolism
- Metabolized by the liver and excreted by the Kidneys.

Question 3

What is Heparin’s Indications and Contraindications.

Answer 3

Indication
- Acute STEMI

Contraindications

• Known Hypersensitivity
• Bleeding Disorders
• Active Bleeding (excluding menses)
• History of Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
• Severe Hepatic impairment/ disease including Oesophageal variances.
• Recent trauma/ Surgeries (< 3 weeks)

Question 4

What is Heparin’s Side Effects and Precautions.

Answer 4

Side Effects

• Bleeding
• Bruising and Pain at injection site
• Hyperkalemia.
• Thrombocytopenia (low platelet levels)

Precautions
- Renal Impairment

Question 5

Route of Administration and Special Notes.

Answer 5

Route Of Administration
- IV

Special Notes

• DO NOT INJECT IM due to risk of Haematoma
• Onset: Immediate
• Duration: 3 - 6 Hours
• The Plasma half life of Heparin is 1 hour, thus any patient receiving a bolus dose will need additional doses if transport times to hospital are > 1 Hour.