Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Question 1

What is the Pharmacology of Atrovent

Answer 1

Anticholernegic Antagonist (Blocks Neurotransmitter Acetlycholine).

Actions

• Allows Bronchodilation by Inhibiting Chollernegic bronchmotor tone
  
  • Blocks Vagal Reflexes which mediate bronchoconstriction. (Holds Airways Open)

Question 2

What is the Presentation of Atrovent and how is it Metabolized.

Answer 2

Presentation
- 250mcg in 1ml

Metabolized
- By the kidneys

Question 3

What are the Indications and Contraindications of Atrovent

Answer 3

Indication

• Severe respiratory distress associated with bronchospasm .
• Exacerbation of COPD regardless of severity

Contraindication
- Hypersensitivity to Atropine or any of its Derivatives.

Question 4

What are the Side Effects and Precautions of Atrovent

Side Effects (STANDH)

Answer 4

Side Effects

• Glaucoma
• Avoid Contact with eyes

Precautions (STANDH)

• Skin Rash
• Acute angle closure glaucoma Secondary to eye contact (rare).
• Tachycardia (rare)
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dry Mouth
• Palpitations (rare)

Question 5

Route of Administration and Special Notes.

Answer 5

Route of Administration
- Nebulised

Special notes

• Isolated cases of ocular complications ( Dilated pupils, increased intraocular pressure, acute angle glaucoma eye pain as a result of direct eye contact).
• Due to this the mask must be fitted properly before therapy begins.
• This medication must be administered in conjunction with salbutomol, and is to be administered as a single dose only.
• Onset: 3 - 5 Minutes
• Peak: 1.5 - 2 Hours
• Duration: 6 Hours.