Adrenaline

Question 1

What is Adrenaline Presentation and how is it metabolized

Answer 1

Presentation

• 1mg in 1ml
• 10mg in 1ml.

Metabolized by

• MOA and other enzymes in the blood.
• Excreted by the Kidneys.

Question 2

What are the Contraindications and indications for Adrenaline.

Answer 2

Indications

• Cardiac Arrest (VF/VT PEA & Asystole).
• Anaphylaxis
• Severe Asthma (immediate life threat not responding to Nebulised therapy or unconscious with no BP)
• Inadequate perfusion
• Bradycardia with Poor perfusion.
• Croup

Contraindications
- Hypogvelemic shock without adequate fluid replacement.

Question 3

What are the Side Effects/ Precautions of Adrenaline.

Side effects (Sorry Son Peter Pan Has My Vacis)

Precautions (3 increase 1 Decrease)

Answer 3

Side Effects (SS PP HMV)

• Sinus Tachycardia
• Supraventicular arrhythmia’s
• Pupil Dilation & Feeling of Anxiety.
• Palpitations.
• Hypertension
• May increase Size of MI
• Ventricular arrhythmia’s

Precautions

• Consider reduced doses for
  
  • Elderly and Frail
  • Patients on MOA inhibitors
  • Patients with Cardiovascular disease
• Consider higher doses for
  
  • Patients on Beta Blockers.

Question 4

What is the Pharmacology of Adrenaline

Answer 4

Adrenaline is a naturally occurring Alpha and Beta Adrenergic stimulant.

• Increases HR by increasing SA node firing (BETA 1)
• Increases conduction velocity through the AV node (BETA 1)
• Increases Myocardial contractions (BETA 1)
• Increases ventricle irritability (BETA 1)
• Causes Bronchodilation (BETA 1)
• Causes peripheral vasoconstriction (Alpha 1)

Question 5

Special Notes (Onset, Peak and Duration)
IV
IM

Answer 5

IV adrenaline effects.

• Onset: 30 secs
• Peak: 3 - 5 mins
• Duration: 5 - 10 mins

IM adrenaline effects

• Onset: 30 - 90 secs
• Peak: 4 - 10 mins
• Duration: 5 - 10 mins