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GI Midterm 1 > Oral Cavity and Upper Digestive Tract > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Upper Digestive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

where does taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue arise

what about somatic sensation

A
  • CN 7

- CN 5

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2
Q

oral cavity cancer is mostly what kind of tumor

A
  • squamous cell carcinoma
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3
Q

oral cavity cancer is common where in the world

A
  • developing world
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4
Q

oral cavity cancer risk factors

treatment

A
  • tobacco
  • alcohol
  • betel
  • surgery
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5
Q

big risk for oropharyngeal cancer in younger patients

in older patients

treatment

A
  • HPV types 16 and 18
  • tobacco and alcohol
  • chemoradiation
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6
Q

what is sjogren syndrome

A
  • autoimmune disorder with inflammation of epithelial tissues
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7
Q

what is the most common medical disorder associated with xerostoma (dry mouth) and salivary dysfunction

A
  • sjogren syndrome
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8
Q

what is primary sjogren syndrome a disorder of

what about secondary sjogren syndrome

A
  • salivary and lacrimal gland

- occurs with autoimmune diseases

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9
Q

what immune component is associated with Sjogren’s syndrome

A
  • T-cell infiltrates and autoantibodies
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10
Q

what are the autoantibodies against in Sjogren syndrome

A
  • anti-Rho
  • anti-La
  • rheumatoid factor
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11
Q

Sjogren syndrome affects which population of people

A
  • middle aged females
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12
Q

important complication of Sjogren syndrome

A
  • non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
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13
Q

oral hairy leukoplakia is associated with

A
  • HIV
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14
Q

between oral leukoplakia and erythroplakia, which has higher malignant potential

A
  • erythroplakia
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15
Q

Candida albicans causes oral candidiasis is what kind of infection

A
  • opportunistic
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16
Q

what is lichen planus

what does it look like

treatment

A
  • immunology disease
  • T cell mediated
  • white bilateral striaform lesion
  • topical steroids
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17
Q

what is a globus sensation

A
  • awareness of swallowing
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18
Q

what is Zenker’s Diverticulum

occurs most commonly in

A
  • pulsion diverticulum caused by incomplete relaxation of upper esophageal sphincter
  • older men
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19
Q

what is Killian’s triangle

A
  • weakness between inferior constrictor and cricopharyngeus
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20
Q

which diverticulum is formed by pressure within the hollow organ causing herniation of mucosa through the muscle

is this a true or false diverticulum

A
  • pulsion diverticulum

- false

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21
Q

which diverticulum is formed by the pulling force of contracting bands of adhesion or adjacent inflammation

is this a true or false diverticulum

A
  • traction diverticulum

- true (involved all esophageal layers)

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22
Q

why is battery ingestion an emergency

A
  • liquefaction necrosis can lead to perforation within 6 hours
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23
Q

acid ingestion causes what type of necrosis

what is a good example

what part of the body is affected

A
  • coagulation necrosis
  • toilet bowl cleaners, battery fluid
  • stomach
24
Q

alkaline ingestion causes what type of necrosis

what is a good example

what part of the body is affected

A
  • liquefactive necrosis
  • Lye drain cleaners
  • oropharynx and esophagus
25
Q

do we induce emesis in caustic ingestions

what do we do in symptomatic patients

A
  • no

- endoscopy within 48 hours

26
Q

parotid glands are defined by

A
  • course of facial nerve
27
Q

what duct traverses the masseter and buccinator muscles and enters the oral mucosa at the level of the 2nd maxillary molar

A
  • Parotic duct (Stensen’s duct)
28
Q

what is the duct that emerges from the deep lobe and terminates as an elevated papilla just lateral to the frenulum of the tongue

A
  • Wharton’s duct
29
Q

what glands are located deep to the platysma

A
  • submandibular glands
30
Q

what glands lie along the distal half of the submandibular duct superficially and are drained by a series of ductules

A
  • sublingual glands
31
Q

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the parotid glands travel via which cranial nerve

A
  • 9
32
Q

postganglionic fibers of the parotid gland travel via the _______ to the parotid gland

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve
33
Q

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the submandibular and sublingual glands travel via ____________ and __________ through the middle ear

exit via _________to the submandibular ganglion

A
  • CN 7
  • chorda tympani
  • lingual nerve
34
Q

major salivary glands originate as

A
  • ectodermal ingrowths of oral epithelium
35
Q

basic histologic units of salivary glands

surrounded by ________ to help drain saliva through ductal system

A
  • acini

- myoepithelial cells

36
Q

which glands are responsible for the majority of daily salivary flow

A
  • submandibular
37
Q

parotid glands secrete what kind of mucous

what about submandibular glands

and also sublingual glands

A
  • serous
  • serous and mucinous
  • mucinous
38
Q

what is formation of calculi in the ductal system of the salivary glands

A
  • sialolithiasis
39
Q

where are most stones located

most common in what population

A
  • Wharton’s duct (submandibular gland)

- older men

40
Q

incubation period of mumps

A
  • 14-21 days
41
Q

symptoms of mumps

A
  • painful swelling of parotid glands with erythema of Stenson’s duct orifice
42
Q

treatment for mumps

A
  • supportive only
43
Q

what is sialoadentis

A
  • infection of salivary glands
44
Q

what is idiopathic xerostomia

causes

A
  • dry mouth
  • radiation
  • medications
45
Q

what’s the most common benign salivary gland tumor

A
  • pleomorphic adenoma
46
Q

what’s the most common malignant salivary gland tumor

what does it impact

A
  • mucoepidermoid carcinoma

- squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells

47
Q

what is a papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum

where does it grow?

A
  • Wartin’s tumor

- cystic spaces

48
Q

what is the most common malignancy of the submandibular gland

A
  • adenoid cystic carcinoma
49
Q

what is the most common congenital neck mass in children

A
  • thyroglossal duct cyst
50
Q

what is the most common pediatric malignancy in neck mass

A
  • lymphoma
51
Q

what is caused by blocked sublingual gland ducts which leads to mucous extravasation

what does it look like?

A
  • ranula

- looks like a frog

52
Q

important caution of branchial cleft anomies

A
  • may wrap around facial nerve
53
Q

what presents as a midline neck mass and is a cystic remnant along the course of the thyroglossal duct between the foramen cecum of the base of tongue and thyroid bed

A
  • thyroglossal duct cyst
54
Q

what is a large fluid filled sac that can become infected

A
  • lymphatic malformation/cystic hygroma
55
Q

a neck mass in an adult is _________ until proven otherwise

A
  • cancer

GI Midterm 1 (25 decks)

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