Oral Cavity and Upper Digestive Tract Flashcards
where does taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue arise
what about somatic sensation
- CN 7
- CN 5
oral cavity cancer is mostly what kind of tumor
- squamous cell carcinoma
oral cavity cancer is common where in the world
- developing world
oral cavity cancer risk factors
treatment
- tobacco
- alcohol
- betel
- surgery
big risk for oropharyngeal cancer in younger patients
in older patients
treatment
- HPV types 16 and 18
- tobacco and alcohol
- chemoradiation
what is sjogren syndrome
- autoimmune disorder with inflammation of epithelial tissues
what is the most common medical disorder associated with xerostoma (dry mouth) and salivary dysfunction
- sjogren syndrome
what is primary sjogren syndrome a disorder of
what about secondary sjogren syndrome
- salivary and lacrimal gland
- occurs with autoimmune diseases
what immune component is associated with Sjogren’s syndrome
- T-cell infiltrates and autoantibodies
what are the autoantibodies against in Sjogren syndrome
- anti-Rho
- anti-La
- rheumatoid factor
Sjogren syndrome affects which population of people
- middle aged females
important complication of Sjogren syndrome
- non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
oral hairy leukoplakia is associated with
- HIV
between oral leukoplakia and erythroplakia, which has higher malignant potential
- erythroplakia
Candida albicans causes oral candidiasis is what kind of infection
- opportunistic
what is lichen planus
what does it look like
treatment
- immunology disease
- T cell mediated
- white bilateral striaform lesion
- topical steroids
what is a globus sensation
- awareness of swallowing
what is Zenker’s Diverticulum
occurs most commonly in
- pulsion diverticulum caused by incomplete relaxation of upper esophageal sphincter
- older men
what is Killian’s triangle
- weakness between inferior constrictor and cricopharyngeus
which diverticulum is formed by pressure within the hollow organ causing herniation of mucosa through the muscle
is this a true or false diverticulum
- pulsion diverticulum
- false
which diverticulum is formed by the pulling force of contracting bands of adhesion or adjacent inflammation
is this a true or false diverticulum
- traction diverticulum
- true (involved all esophageal layers)
why is battery ingestion an emergency
- liquefaction necrosis can lead to perforation within 6 hours
acid ingestion causes what type of necrosis
what is a good example
what part of the body is affected
- coagulation necrosis
- toilet bowl cleaners, battery fluid
- stomach
alkaline ingestion causes what type of necrosis
what is a good example
what part of the body is affected
- liquefactive necrosis
- Lye drain cleaners
- oropharynx and esophagus
do we induce emesis in caustic ingestions
what do we do in symptomatic patients
- no
- endoscopy within 48 hours
parotid glands are defined by
- course of facial nerve
what duct traverses the masseter and buccinator muscles and enters the oral mucosa at the level of the 2nd maxillary molar
- Parotic duct (Stensen’s duct)
what is the duct that emerges from the deep lobe and terminates as an elevated papilla just lateral to the frenulum of the tongue
- Wharton’s duct
what glands are located deep to the platysma
- submandibular glands
what glands lie along the distal half of the submandibular duct superficially and are drained by a series of ductules
- sublingual glands
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the parotid glands travel via which cranial nerve
- 9
postganglionic fibers of the parotid gland travel via the _______ to the parotid gland
- auriculotemporal nerve
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the submandibular and sublingual glands travel via ____________ and __________ through the middle ear
exit via _________to the submandibular ganglion
- CN 7
- chorda tympani
- lingual nerve
major salivary glands originate as
- ectodermal ingrowths of oral epithelium
basic histologic units of salivary glands
surrounded by ________ to help drain saliva through ductal system
- acini
- myoepithelial cells
which glands are responsible for the majority of daily salivary flow
- submandibular
parotid glands secrete what kind of mucous
what about submandibular glands
and also sublingual glands
- serous
- serous and mucinous
- mucinous
what is formation of calculi in the ductal system of the salivary glands
- sialolithiasis
where are most stones located
most common in what population
- Wharton’s duct (submandibular gland)
- older men
incubation period of mumps
- 14-21 days
symptoms of mumps
- painful swelling of parotid glands with erythema of Stenson’s duct orifice
treatment for mumps
- supportive only
what is sialoadentis
- infection of salivary glands
what is idiopathic xerostomia
causes
- dry mouth
- radiation
- medications
what’s the most common benign salivary gland tumor
- pleomorphic adenoma
what’s the most common malignant salivary gland tumor
what does it impact
- mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells
what is a papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
where does it grow?
- Wartin’s tumor
- cystic spaces
what is the most common malignancy of the submandibular gland
- adenoid cystic carcinoma
what is the most common congenital neck mass in children
- thyroglossal duct cyst
what is the most common pediatric malignancy in neck mass
- lymphoma
what is caused by blocked sublingual gland ducts which leads to mucous extravasation
what does it look like?
- ranula
- looks like a frog
important caution of branchial cleft anomies
- may wrap around facial nerve
what presents as a midline neck mass and is a cystic remnant along the course of the thyroglossal duct between the foramen cecum of the base of tongue and thyroid bed
- thyroglossal duct cyst
what is a large fluid filled sac that can become infected
- lymphatic malformation/cystic hygroma
a neck mass in an adult is _________ until proven otherwise
- cancer
