OA vs RA Flashcards

1
Q

OA definition

A
  • Degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage, underlying bone, and synovial fluid
  • Affects both genders equally
  • 65 years or older
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2
Q

OA Cause

A
  • Wear and tear on joints caused by weakness, obesity, joint laxity, immobilization, trauma, infection, hemarthrosis, or osteonecrosis)
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3
Q

OA Clinical Presentation

A
  • Gradual onset of pain and stiffness that has progressively worsened over time
  • Pain is a deep ache
  • Joint tenderness
  • Worse with activity and better with rest (if pain at rest, then OA is severe)
  • Stiffness (that improves with movement)
  • “gel phenomenon” — less you move, less gel in joint, so harder to move joints
  • Morning stiffness and inactivity stiffness (lasts <30 minutes)
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4
Q

OA Physical Exam

A
  • Crepitus (audible cracking or grating)
  • Bony enlargement (osteophyte formation)
  • Mal-alignment
  • Genu dalgum (knocked knees - which creates lat compartment pressure)
  • Genu varum (bowed legs - creates medial compartment pressure)
  • Joint deformity in hands
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5
Q

OA Nodes

A
  • Bouchards Nodes = overgrowth of bone and swelling at PIP
  • Herberdens Nodes = overgrowth of bone and swelling at DIP
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6
Q

RA Definition

A
  • Chronic, autoimmune, systemic, inflammatory disease
  • RA attacks joints throughout body (polyarthritis) but also GI, cardiovascular, and/or pulmonary
  • RA causes hypermobility (while OA causes hypomobility)
  • Female dominated, peak onset of 20-50 years of age
  • Progressive but there are relapses and remissions with RA (OA does not have this)
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7
Q

RA Common Joints Affected

A
  • Bilateral and symmetrical (OA is unilateral)
  • TMJ
  • Upper cervical spine
  • Hands, wrists, and fingers
  • Knees
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8
Q

RA Joint Pain and Stiffness

A
  • Stiffness lasts >30 minutes
  • Joint symptoms = edematous, erythema, warmth, painful, and red
  • RA in hands = ulnar drift, swan neck deformity, and/or boutonnières deformity
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9
Q

RA Extraarticular Complications

A
  • Cardiac
  • MSK
  • Neuro
  • Integumentary
  • Ocular
  • Renal (kidney)
  • Pulmonary
  • Unexplained weight loss
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10
Q
A
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