OA vs RA Flashcards
1
Q
OA definition
A
- Degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage, underlying bone, and synovial fluid
- Affects both genders equally
- 65 years or older
2
Q
OA Cause
A
- Wear and tear on joints caused by weakness, obesity, joint laxity, immobilization, trauma, infection, hemarthrosis, or osteonecrosis)
3
Q
OA Clinical Presentation
A
- Gradual onset of pain and stiffness that has progressively worsened over time
- Pain is a deep ache
- Joint tenderness
- Worse with activity and better with rest (if pain at rest, then OA is severe)
- Stiffness (that improves with movement)
- “gel phenomenon” — less you move, less gel in joint, so harder to move joints
- Morning stiffness and inactivity stiffness (lasts <30 minutes)
4
Q
OA Physical Exam
A
- Crepitus (audible cracking or grating)
- Bony enlargement (osteophyte formation)
- Mal-alignment
- Genu dalgum (knocked knees - which creates lat compartment pressure)
- Genu varum (bowed legs - creates medial compartment pressure)
- Joint deformity in hands
5
Q
OA Nodes
A
- Bouchards Nodes = overgrowth of bone and swelling at PIP
- Herberdens Nodes = overgrowth of bone and swelling at DIP
6
Q
RA Definition
A
- Chronic, autoimmune, systemic, inflammatory disease
- RA attacks joints throughout body (polyarthritis) but also GI, cardiovascular, and/or pulmonary
- RA causes hypermobility (while OA causes hypomobility)
- Female dominated, peak onset of 20-50 years of age
- Progressive but there are relapses and remissions with RA (OA does not have this)
7
Q
RA Common Joints Affected
A
- Bilateral and symmetrical (OA is unilateral)
- TMJ
- Upper cervical spine
- Hands, wrists, and fingers
- Knees
8
Q
RA Joint Pain and Stiffness
A
- Stiffness lasts >30 minutes
- Joint symptoms = edematous, erythema, warmth, painful, and red
- RA in hands = ulnar drift, swan neck deformity, and/or boutonnières deformity
9
Q
RA Extraarticular Complications
A
- Cardiac
- MSK
- Neuro
- Integumentary
- Ocular
- Renal (kidney)
- Pulmonary
- Unexplained weight loss
