NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM

Question 1

nucleotide synthesis

you make bases

Answer 1

de novo pathways

Question 2

pathways in nucleotide synthesis

recycle the free bases and nucleosides from nucleic acid breakdown

Answer 2

salvage pathways

Question 3

active form of ribose 5 phosphate

important in both de novo and salvage pathways

Answer 3

phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate

Question 4

base is made and is attached to the ribose the whole process

needs PRPP
Glycine
IMP

Answer 4

purine

Question 5

base is made WITHOUT ribose.

base is only attached to the ribose once base is completely formed needs PRPP

aspartate
OMP

Answer 5

pyrimidine

Question 6

synthesis of inosine monophosphate starts from ribose 5 phosphate which is derived from the _______

Answer 6

HMP shunt

Question 7

synthesis of inosine monophosphate requires _______ steps overall

Answer 7

11 steps

Question 8

step 1 is the activation of ________

enzyme is ___________

Answer 8

ribose 5 phosphate
ribose 5 phosphate pyrophosphokinase

Question 9

in synthesis of inosine monophosphate step 2 is the __________

the enzyme is ____

Answer 9

rate limiting stem
PRPP glutamylamidotransferase

Question 10

in step 3 of synthesis of inosine monophosphate

there is acquisition of __,__, and ____

Answer 10

C4,C5,N7

Question 11

step 4 of synthesis of inosine monophosphate is the acquisition of _____

this is not _______ driven

Answer 11

C8
ATP

Question 12

in step 5 of inosine monophosphate biosynthesis there is acquisition of ______

the coenzyme is ______ and ________

Answer 12

C8

Glutamine and ATP

Question 13

in step 6 of the synthesis of inosine monophosphate is the closure of the _______ ring

Answer 13

imidazole

Question 14

in step 8 of IMP synthesis

the coenzyme is ____ and ____

Answer 14

aspartate and ATP

Question 15

Step 11 of IMP synthesis

enzyme that closes the 2nd ring: ___________

Answer 15

IMP cyclohydrolase

Question 16

amino acid donor for AMP

Answer 16

aspartate

Question 17

amino acid donor for GMP

Answer 17

glutamine

Question 18

IMP will use _________ to produce AMP

Answer 18

GTP

Question 19

IMP will use __________ to produce GMP

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

the rate limiting enzyme (glutamine PRPP amidotransferase) is inhibited by

Answer 20

AMP
GMP
IMP

Question 21

PRPP synthetases are inhibited by _____

Answer 21

ADP

Question 22

in purine salvage pathway

two phosphoribosyl transferases are involved which are:

_______ for adenine
_______ for guanine or hypoxanthine

Answer 22

APRT
HGPRT

Question 23

final product of purine salvage pathway

Answer 23

uric acid

Question 24

enzyme that converts xanthine to uric acid

Answer 24

xanthine oxidase

Question 25

enzymes that converts adenosine to inosine

Answer 25

adenosine deaminase

Question 26

pyrimidine nucleotides are made from ______, ________, and _____

Answer 26

aspartate, PRPP, and carbamoyl phosphate

Question 27

in synthesis of OMP the rate limiting enzyme of step 1 is ________ the enzyme is the major site of regulations in animals activated by _____ and _______

Answer 27

CPS II ATP and PRPP

Question 28

step 6 of OMP synthesis enzyme: and byproduct:

Answer 28

OMP decarboxylase carbon dioxide

Question 29

what inhibits ribonucleotide reductase?

Answer 29

dATP

Question 30

enzymes to inhibit for anti cancer drugs

Answer 30

thymidylate synthetase dihydrofolate reductase

Question 31

drug that inhibit thymidylate synthase

Answer 31

flurouracild

Question 32

drug that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Answer 32

methotrexate aminopterin trimethoprim

Question 33

in salvage pathway for pyrimidine ________ catalyzes the conversion of orotate, uracil, and thymine to their corresponding nucleotides

Answer 33

pyrimidine phosphoribosyl transferase

Question 34

pyrimidine catabolism byproducts

Answer 34

beta amino acids, NH4, CO2

Question 35

degradation of bases (cytosine, uracil, and thymine) due to _________ reduction

Answer 35

ring reduction

Question 36

absent enzyme for lesch nyhan syndrome characterized by hyperuricemia _________ catalyzes the one step formation of hypoxanthine or guanine to IMP or GMP

Answer 36

HGPRTase

Question 37

severe combined immunodeficiency is caused by _________ deficiency there is dysfunction T cells and B cells apparently due to the inhibitory effect of ATP which accumulates

Answer 37

adenosine deaminase

Question 38

in hyperuricemia and gout overactivity of ________ deficiency of ________ deficiency of ________

Answer 38

PRPP synthetase HGPRTase Glucose 6 phosphate

Question 39

the drug _________ inhibits xanthine oxidase

Answer 39

allopurinol

Question 40

deficiency of glucose 6 phosphatase increases level of glucose 6 phosphate

Answer 40

von gierke's disease

Question 41

absence of __________-causes orotic aciduria

Answer 41

orotidylate decarboxylase

Question 42

drug that inhibits IMP to AMP AND IMP to GMP

Answer 42

6 mercaptopurine

Question 43

drug that inhibits DNA polymerase

Answer 43

adenosine arabinoside

Question 44

inhibits glutamine

Answer 44

Azaserine

Question 45

functions as an analogue of thymidine thus causing misreading

Answer 45

Iodouracil