CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 1 Flashcards
________ and _________ form part of the structural framework of DNA and RNA
ribose
deoxyribose
__________ is a major fuel of the tissues of mammals and a universal fuel of the fetus
glucose
the filipino diet consists of
_____ starches and dextrins
_____ sucrose
_____ lactose
_____ other sugars
60%
30%
5%
5%
_______ there is no hydrolase in man that could digest cellulose
cellulose
enzyme for the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cells
hexokinase, glucokinase
the reaction of the 1st reaction undergone by glucose inside the cell is a _________ reaction
irreversible
___________ is inhibited by Glucose 6 phosphate, this is called feedback inhibition
hexokinase
hexokinase is not induced by ________
insulin
hexokinase acts on other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and etc.
it is called a __________ enzyme
general enzyme
once glucose is inside the cell, glucose is converted to glucose-6-phopshate through __________ either by hexokinase or glucokinase
phosphorylation
inhibited by ATP, citrate, H+ ions, cyclic AMP, increased ATP/AMP ratio
stimulated by ADP, AMP, decreased ATP/AMP ratio
phosphofructokinase
inhibited by glucose 6 phosphate
hexokinase
inhibited by ATP, alanine, fatty acids, acetyl CoA
stimulated by: Fructose 1,6-biphosphate
pyruvate kinase
inhibits reaction 1 catalyzed by hexokinase
2-deoxyglucose
inihibits reaction 6: G3P dehydrogenase
sulfhydryl agents (iodoacetate)
inhibits reaction 9 catalyzed by enolase
fluoride
arsenic poisoning inhibits those enzymes which require lipoic acid as coenzyme like pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
pentavalent arsenic or asenate
enzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Py, Di, Di,
pyruvate dehydrogenase
dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
prosthetic group of pyruvate dehydrogenase
thiamine pyrophosphate
prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
lipoamide and CoASH (Vitamin B5)
prosthetic group of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
FAD and NAD (Vitamin B2 and B3)
causes hemolytic anemia
deficient glucose 6 phosphate
important in production of glutathione that reduces the reactive oxygen species spontaneously produced in the body
glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
deficiency of phosphofructokinase-1 which is the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis
exercise capacity of the patient is low, especially those that are on a high carbohydrate diet
muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency
due to defects in one or more components of the PDH complex
manifests as lactic acidosis particularly after a glucose load
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
