NP Study Guide Exam 1 Flashcards
How many booklets for scope of practice
- one
- encompasses full range of nursing practice
Function of the scope of practice
who what where when why how
Employers must provide an environment that supports
nursing practice and decision making
Nursing practice is individualized to
meet the unique need of situation or patient
Nurses establish partnership with
- patient
- family
- support system
- other healthcare providers
Themes in all areas of nursing
- Age appropriate, culturally and ethically sensitive care
- Continuity of care
- Communicating effectively
- Coordinating care
- Managing information
- Maintain safe environment
- Educating pts about healthy practices and treatments
- Utilizing technology
Restorative practices
Modify impact of illness or disease
Supportive practices
Oriented toward modification of relationships or the environment to support health
Promoting practices
- Mobilize healthy patterns of living
- foster personal and family development
- support self-defined goals of individual, families, communities, and populations
Educational path in nursing
- Everyone must pass the NCLEX
- 4yr BSN, BS
- 2 yr college Associates degree
- 3 yr diploma program
Masters/Doctoral Degree of nursing
- Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)
- Certified nurse midwife (CNM)
- Clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
- Nurse practitioner (NP, APRN, DNP)
Standards of Professional Nursing Practice
-Standards of Practice
1) Assessment
2) Diagnosis
3) Outcomes Identification
4) Planning
5) Implementation
5a) Coordination
5b) Health teaching and health promotion
5c) Consultation
5d) Prescriptive authority and treatment
6) Evaluation
Standards of Professional Nursing Practice
-Standards of Professional Performance
7) Ethics
8) Education
9) Evidence-based practice and research
10) Quality of practice
11) Communication
12) Leadership
13) Collaboration
14) Professional practice evaluation
15) Resource utilization
16) Environmental health
Colorado Nurse Practice Act
- July 1, 2010
- Sets requirements for professional, advanced practice, and practical nurse licensure
Requirements for licensure
- Application
- Proof of graduation
- Pass NCLEX
- Pay fee
Colorado nurse practice act covers
- Retired, temporary, and volunteer nurse licensure
- Education programs
- Disciplinary procedures
Contemporary nursing has it’s historical roots in the
poorhouses, battlefields, and in the industrial revolutions in Europe and America
Nursing workforce is the largest
healthcare professional group in the U.S.
RNs provide a critical safety net in healthcare but have been
invisible in the practice and reimbursement environments
Nursing is a learned profession built upon a core body of
science and art
The art of nursing is based on the
caring and respect for human dignity
The art of nursing embraces dynamic processes that affect the human person and
foster health
Nursing is a dynamic profession, blending
evidence-based practice with intuition, caring, and compassion to provide quality care
The nursing profession contracts with society to promote
- health
- to do no harm
- respond with skill and caring when change, birth, illness, disease, or death is experienced
Depth and breath in which nurses practice depends on
education
experience
role
population served
Florence Nightingale
1820-1910
- She was able to drop mortality rates during the Crimean War from 47-2% by opening tents for clean air, bathing the wounded, and providing clean bedding, assessing and dressing wounds, feeding the soldiers nutritious meals, and comforting those who were dying or in pain.
- Wrote letters home for the soldiers
-
Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing because
- Established nursing as a distinct profession
- Introduced a broad-based liberal education for nurses
- Major reform in the delivery of care in hospitals
- Introduced standards to control the spread of disease in hospitals
- Major reforms in healthcare for the military
- Stated that air, light, nutrition, adequate ventilation, and space assist the patient in recuperation
Florence Nightingale was called the lady of the lamp because
of her nighttime care to the wounded
The earliest nurses were
the angel of mercy, handmaiden, battle-ax, naughty nurse, military
How did religious orders influence early nursing
- The religious figure treated the sick with many forms of medicine such as drugs, wisdom, prayer, and magic spells
- Mostly men performed nursing
- Providing care in spite of the risks was considered self-sacrificing, much like a call to serve in a religious life
Injectable penicillin came into common use in
1943
Clara Barton
- She provided care close to the fighting
- established the Red Cross
Lillian Wald
- 1893 founded Henry street settlement in New York to improve health and social conditions for poor immigrants
- The start of public health nursing
Marjorie Gordon
- Standardized nursing language
- Manual of nursing diagnosis
- The establishment of a core of knowledge based on evidence
Virginia Henderson
- 14 components of basic nursing
- Nursing fundamentals
6 essential features of professional nursing, as acknowledge by ANA
1) Provision of a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing
2) Attention to the range of human experiences and responses to health and illness within the physical and social environments
3) Integration of objective data with knowledge gained from an appreciation of the patient or group’s subjective experience
4) Application of scientific knowledge to the processes of diagnosis and treatment through the use of judgement and critical thinking
5) Advancement of professional nursing knowledge through scholarly inquiry
6) Influence on social and public policy to promote social justice
ANA definition of nursing
The diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health problems
Profession
- Must be based on technical and scientific knowledge
- Competence of the group members must be evaluated by a community of peers
- Must have a service orientation and a code of ethics
- Nursing is a profession
Discipline
A profession must have a domain of knowledge that has both theoretical and practical boundaries
Nurse practice acts are
- Laws that regulate nursing practice
- Each state enacts its own nursing practice
Standards of Practice are to
- Describe a competent level of nursing practice and professional performance common to all registered nurses
- Authoritative statements of duties that all registered nurses, regardless of role, population, or specialty, are expected to perform competently
National League for Nursing (NLN)
- establish and maintain universal standard of education.
- journal of Nursing education perspectives
International Council of Nursing (ICN)
- Global level
- Aims to ensure quality nursing care for all
- supports global health policies
- strives to improve working conditions for nurses throughout the world
Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI)
National honor society for nursing
Health defined by the WHO
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or imfirmity
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
6 competencies
- patient-centered care
- teamwork and collaboration
- evidence-based practice
- quality improvement (QI)
- safety
- informatics
Dependent nursing activities/actions
-Actions initiated by a physician in response to a medical diagnosis but carried out by a nurse under doctors orders
Independent nursing activities/actions
- Actions performed by a nurse without a physician’s orders
9 roles and functions of the nurse
- Direct care provider
- Communicator
- Client/family educator
- Client advocate
- Counselor
- Change agent
- Case manager
- Leader
- Manager
- Research consumer
6 ANA designed nursing values and beliefs
- Primary concern the good of the patient
- Competent
- Strong commitment to service
- Believe in dignity and worth of each person
- Strive to improve their profession
- Work collaboratively within the profession
4 purposes of nursing care
- Health promotion
- Health restoration
- Illness prevention
- End-of-life care
Benner’s stages of professional development
- Novice
- Advanced beginner
- Competent
- Proficient
- Expert
What is critical thinking
The intellectual process used in complex thinking operations
Critical thinking skills needed
- objectively gather info
- Recognize need for more info
- Evaluate the credibility of sources
- Recognize gaps in knowledge
- Listening carefully; reading thoughtfully
- Separating relevant from irrelevant data
- Organizing or grouping info
- Making inferences
- Visualizing potential solutions
- Exploring the advantages, disadvantages, and consequences of actions
Critical thinking attitudes- feelings and state of mind
- Intellectual curiosity
- Intellectual humility
- Intellectual empathy
- Intellectual courage
- Intellectual perseverance
- Independent thinking
- Fair mindedness
Ability to approach each client/patient as a unique individual because of
- differences
- culture
- roles
- Other factors- age, personal bias, personality
Theoretical knowledge
- info, facts, principles, and evidence- based theories
Practical knowledge
- knowing what to do and how to do it
Self-knowledge
- To critically think you must be aware of your beliefs, values, cultural, and religious biases
6 steps of the nursing process
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning outcomes
- Planning interventions
- Implementation
- Evaluation
What is the nursing process
- A systematic problem- solving process that guides all nursing actions
What is meant by the model of full spectrum nursing
- A unique blend of thinking, doing, and caring
- Performed by nurses who fully develop and apply nursing knowledge
- Critical thinking
- the nursing process to patient situation for the purpose of effecting good outcomes
3 content points of the model of full spectrum nursing
- thinking
- doing
- caring
