Chapter 7 Flashcards
Co2
Carbon dioxide
O2
Oxygen
Ventilation
Breathing
pH
Acidity/alkalinity
A chamber lined with mucous membranes and cilia
Nasal cavity
Tiny hairs in nose
Cilia
Vertical partition of cartilage that divides the nose into left and right sides
Nasal septum
Pharynx
Throat
3 sections of the nose
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Adenoids
Pharyngeal tonsils
Palatine tonsils
- Commonly known as tonsils
- located in oropharynx
Larynx
Voice box
Contains the structures that make vocal sounds possible
Epiglottis
Leaf shaped structure on top of the larynx
Seals off the air passage to the lungs during swallowing
Trachea
Windpipe
2 branches that the trachea divides into
Called bronchi and one branch leads to left lung and the other right lung
Mucous membrane (mucosa)
Make up the inner walls of the trachea and bronchi
Embedded with cilia
Bronchioles
Bronchus divided into smaller and smaller branches
Alveoli
At the end of the bronchioles
Tiny air sacs
Pulmonary capillaries
Lie next to the thin tissue membranes of the alveoli
Mediastinum
The space between the right and left lungs
Pleura
Covers the lobes of the lungs and folds over to line the walls of the thoracic cavity
Visceral pleura
The membrane lying closest to the lung
Parietal pleura
The membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
Pleural cavity
The space between the visceral and parietal pleura
Diaphragm
Large muscular partition
Lies between the chest and abdominal cavities
Inspiration
Drawing air into the lungs
Tasteless, colorless, odorless gas produced by body cells during metabolism
Carbon dioxide CO2
Tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but less dense than bone
cartilage
To move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces
diffuse
Moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment
Mucous membrane
mucosa
Tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for human respiration
oxygen (O2)
Symbol that indicates degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance
pH
Wall dividing 2 cavaties
septum
Thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist
serous membrane
serosa
air that leaves the lungs
expiration
Involuntary action that moves air into and out of the lungs in response to changes in blood O2 and CO2 levels and nervous stimulation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
Pulmonary ventilation
breathing
The exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries
external respiration
Occurs when blood, aided by the cardiovascular system, transports CO2 to the lungs and O2 to the body
transportation of respiratory gases
The exchange of O2 and CO2 between body cells and the blood in systemic capillaries
Internal respirationq
nas/o
nose
rhin/o
nose
sept/o
septum
sinus/o
sinus, cavity
adenoid/o
adenoids
tonsill/o
tonsils
pharyng/o
pharynx
throat
laryng/o
larynx
voice box
trache/o
trachea
wind pipe
bronchi/o
bronchus
bronch/o
bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiole
alveol/o
alveolus
air sac
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o
air
lung
pneumon/o
air
lung
pulmon/o
lung
anthrac/o
coal
coal dust
atel/o
incomplete
imperfect
coni/o
dust
cyan/o
blue
lob/o
lobe
orth/o
straight
ox/i
oxygen
ox/o
oxygen
pector/o
chest
steth/o
chest
thorac/o
chest
phren/o
diaphragm
mind
spir/o
breathe
-capnia
carbon dioxide (CO2)
-osmia
smell
-phonia
voice
-pnea
breathing
-ptysis
spitting
-thorax
chest
brady-
slow
dys-
bad
painful
difficult
eu-
good
normal
tachy-
rapid
Medical specialty concerned with disorders of the respiratory system
pulmonology
The physician who treats respiratory system disorders
pulmonologist
Spasms produced by asthma in the bronchial passages
bronchospasms
Coughing episodes that produce large amounts of mucus
productive cough
flare-ups
exacerbations
Agents that loosen and break down mucus
mucolytics
medications that expand the bronchi
bronchodilators