Chapter 12 Flashcards
0
Q
gestation
A
length of time from conception to birth
1
Q
external genitalia
A
sex, or reproductive, organs visible on the outside of the body
2
Q
lactation
A
Production and release of milk by mammary glands
3
Q
orifice
A
mouth; entrance, or outlet of any anatomical structure
4
Q
Menstral
A
Days 1-5`
5
Q
Ovulation
A
Days 6-14
6
Q
Postovulatory
A
Days 15-28
7
Q
amni/o
A
amnion (amniotic sac)
8
Q
cervic/o
A
neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
9
Q
colp/o, vagin/o
A
vagina
10
Q
galact/o, lact/o
A
milk
11
Q
gynec/o
A
woman
female
12
Q
hyster/o, metri/o, uter/o
A
uterus (womb)
13
Q
mamm/o, mast/o
A
breast
14
Q
men/o
A
menses
menstruation
15
Q
metr/o
A
uterus (womb)
measure
16
Q
nat/o
A
birth
17
Q
oophor/o, ovari/o
A
ovary
18
Q
perine/o
A
perineum
19
Q
salping/o
A
tube (usually fallopian or eustachian)
20
Q
-arche
A
beginning
21
Q
-cyesis
A
pregnancy
22
Q
-gravida
A
pregnant woman
23
Q
-para
A
to bear (off spring)
24
-salpinx
tube (usually fallopian or eustachian)
25
-tocia
childbirth
| labor
26
-version
turning
27
ante-
before
| in front of
28
dys-
bad
painful
difficult
29
endo-
in
| within
30
multi-
many
| much
31
primi-
first
32
atresia
congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina
33
choriocarcinoma
malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy
34
dyspareunia
occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
35
enodocervicitis
Inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri
36
retroversion
Turning or state of being turned back, especially an entire organ such as the uterus being tipped form its normal position
37
uterine fibroids
benign tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus
38
sterility
Inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnate the female
39
abortion
termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable of surviving outside the uterus
40
abruptio placentae
Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor
41
breech presentation
common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feet present first rather than the head
42
Down syndrome
Genetic condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46 and occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 which causes delays in the way a child develops mentally and physically
43
eclampsia
most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
44
ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining of the uterine cavity
45
placenta previa
Obstetric complication in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dilates
46
Intrauterine device (IUD)
small, T-shaped device inserted by a physician inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy
47
cerclage
suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion
48
cesarean section
Incision of the abdomen and uterus to remove the fetus
49
colpocleisis
Surgical closure of the vaginal canal
50
conization
Excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination
51
cordocentesis
sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance
52
cryosurgery
Process of freezing tissue to destroy cells
53
dilatation and curettage (D&C)
Widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and acraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette
54
hysterectomy
Excision of the uterus
55
subtotal hysterectomy
Hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain
56
total hysterectomy
Hysterectomy where the cervix is removed by the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain
57
total plus bilateral hysterectomy
Total (complete) hysterectomy, including removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
58
laparoscopy
Visual exam of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus
59
lumpectomy
excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it
60
mammoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the breast(s) to change the size, shape, or position
61
augmentation
insertion of a breast prosthesis (filled with silicone gel or saline) beneath the skin or beneath the pectoralis major muscle
62
reduction
breast reduction to reduce the size of large, pendulous breast
63
mastectomy
excision of the entire breast
64
total mastectomy
excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin
65
modified radical
excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in teh underarm
66
radical
excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast
67
reconstructive breast surgery
creation of a breast shaped mound to replace a breast that has been removed due to cancer or other disease
68
tissue (skin) expansion
Common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle and saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is replaced with a more permanent implant
69
Transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap
surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaping the abdominal tissue (flap) into a natural looking breast and suturing it into place
70
tubal ligation
procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy
71
amniocentesis
transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle (position is verified by US on a monitor screen) and syringe to remove amniotic fluid
72
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument
73
insufflation
delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow visual examination, remove obstruction, or apply medication
74
tubal insufflation
test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflation with carbon dioxide
75
pelvimetry
Measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery
76
chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects
77
endometrial biopsy
removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study
78
papanicolaou (Pap) test
cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination
79
hysterosalpingography
radiography and usually fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes following injection of a contrast medium
80
mammography
radiographic examination of the breast to screen for breast cancer
81
ultrasonography (US)
use of high frequency sound waves directed at soft tissue and reflected as echoes to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure
82
transvaginal US
US of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis
83
AB, Ab, ab
antibody
| abortion
84
CA
cancer
chronological age
cardiac arrest
85
D&C
dilatation and curettage
86
DUB
dysfunctional uterine bleedign
87
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
88
GYN
gynecology
89
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
90
HSG
hysterosalpingography
91
IUD
intrauterine device
92
LH
luteinizing hormone
93
CS, C-section
cesarean section
94
FECG, FEKG
fetal electrocardiogram
95
LMP
last menstrual period
96
LSO
left salpingo-oophrectomy
97
OCPs
oral contraceptive pills
98
Pap
papanicolaou (test)
99
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
100
STD
sexually transmitted disease
101
TRAM
transverse rectus abdominis muscle (flap)
102
US
ultrasound
| ultrasonography
103
IVF-ET
in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
104
OB
obstetrics
105
para 1,2,3 and so on
unipara, bipara, tripara (number of viable birhs)
106
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina
107
prenatal
pertaining to (the time) before birth
108
dystocia
difficult childbirth
109
hysterorrhexis
rupture of the uterus
110
oophoroma
tumor of the ovary
111
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)
112
amniocentesis
surgical puncture of the amnion (amniotic sac)
113
perineorrhaphy
suture of the perineum
114
salpingoplasty
surgical repair of a fallopian tube
115
primigravida
pregnant woman (for the) first (time)
116
pseudocyesis
false pregnancy
117
hemosalpinx
blood in the fallopian tube
118
multipara
to bear many (offspring)
119
menarche
beginning of menses or menstruation
120
galactopoiesis
formation or production of milk
121
gynecopathy
disease (specific to) women
122
gynecologist
physician who specializes in diseases of the female
123
cervicovaginitis
inflammation of the cervix uteri and vagina
124
cervicovesical
pertaining to the cervix uteri and bladder
125
colposcope
instrument used to examine the vagina
126
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina
127
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
128
vaginocele
herniation of the vagina
129
hystomyoma
myoma of the uterus
130
hysteropathy
disease of the uterus
131
hysterosalpingography
radiography of the uterus and oviducts
132
metrorrhagia
hemorrhage form teh uterus
133
parametritis
inflammation around the uterus
134
uterocele
herniation of the uterus
135
uterocele
herniation of the uterus
136
uterocervical
relating to the uterus and cervix
137
uterovesical
pertaining to the uterus and bladder
138
oophoritis
inflammation of an ovary
139
oophorosalpingitis
inflammation of an ovary and oviduct
140
salpingocele
herniation of a fallopian tube
141
salpingography
radiography of uterine tubes
142
oophoropexy, ovariopexy
fixation of (a displaced) ovary
143
hystero-oophorectomy
excision of the uterus and ovaries
144
episiorrhaphy, perineorrhaphy
suturing the perineum
145
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
excision of the uterus, oviducts, and ovaries
146
amniocentesis
puncture of the amnion (amniotic sac)
147
pyosalpinx
accumulation of pus in a uterine tube
148
primipara
woman who has had one pregnancy that has resulted in a viable offspring
149
sterility
inability of the female to become pregnant
150
retroversion
uterus that is tipped backward from its normal position
151
atresia
congenital absence of a normal body opening such as the vagina
152
down syndrome
trisomy 21
153
septicemia
bacteria in the blood that often occurs with severe infection
154
dyspareunia
occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
155
metrorrhagia
irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual periods
156
fibroids
benign uterine tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue
157
oligomenorrhea
infrequent menstrual flow
158
breech
abnormal delivery in which fetal buttocks or feet present first rather than the head
159
eclampsia
most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
160
pathogen
disease-producing opganism
161
primigravida
woman during her first pregnancy
162
antifungals
drugs used to treat vaginal yeast infections
163
TAH
excision of the uterus, including the cervix, through an abdominal incision
164
tubal ligation
tying uterine tubes to prevent pregnancy
165
PID
inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and adjacent pelvic structures, usually caused by bacterial infection
166
chronic villus sampling
test to detect chromosomal abnormalities that can be done earlier than aminocentesis
167
estrogens
hormone replacement to reduce adverse symptoms of menopause
168
oxytocins
agents used to induce labor and rid the uterus of an unexpelled placenta or fetus that has died
169
cordocentesis
sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilicalvein
170
prostaglandins
agents used to terminate pregnancy
171
nullipara
never giving birth
