Nov. 18, 2019 Flashcards
What is a GOITER and in what situations is it commonly found?
A GOITER is an enlarged THYROID. This can occur as a result of THYROID dysfx
Does a GOITER indicate hyper or hypo secretion?
It can happen with either
What could indicate a TOXIC GOITER?
If the gland is nodular (lumps and bumps)
Does a TOXIC GOITER indicate hyper or hypo secretion?
Hyper
Is an ENDEMIC GOITER a result of hypertrophy or hyperplasia?
Could be either or a mix of both, but most commonly it is hyperplasia
What kind of dietary deficiency results in ENDEMIC GOITER?
Iodine deficiency
How is iodine used by the THYROID?
The iodine is absorbed by THYROID cells and combined w the amino acid tyrosine to make T3/T4 hormones
Why does a dietary deficiency of Iodine affect T3/T4
This causes a dec in t3/T4 because iodine is needed to make them
How does a dietary deficiency of Iodine affect TSH?
Because if there is no T3/T4, there is nothing to cause the inhib of TSH, resulting in an inc of TSH
What is the most common form of HYPERTHYROIDISM?
GRAVE’S disease, accounts for about 80-90% of HYPERTHY cases
What population is usually affected by GRAVE’S?
Young women (20s-30s)
What are the 3 hallmarks of GRAVE’S?
1) HYPERTHY
2) GOITER
3) EXOPHTHALMOS
What is EXOPHTHALMOS?
The eyeballs popping out abnormally
How are TSI (aka TSAb) hormones involved in GRAVE’S?
TSI bind to TSH receptors on the THYROID and block TSH. Then TSI mimic TSH and stim T3/T4. T3/T4 inhib TSH. TSI is not affected by enzymes that get rid of TSH, therefore is remains active.
Is THYROTOXOSIS life-threatening?
Only if HYPERTHY is left untx or undx
THYROTOXOSIS is precipitated by ______. Give a few examples of this.
Stress
eg. resp infct or DKA
T or F:
In THYROTOXOSIS, there is an inc/alt metb
T
Why are people w THYROTOXO unable to tolerate heat?
Because there is already a large inc in their body heat r/t inced metb, so any extra heat is not tolerated
Is there lipid and protein catabolism or anabolism w THYROTOXO?
Catab
What effect does THYROTOXO have on O2 demand? Why?
Inced O2 demand to reach metb demands
What effect does THYROTOXO have on HR and CO? Why?
Inced HR and CO because there is an inced demend for waste removal d/t inced metb, therefor more perf is needed
Whta are 3 cardiovasc complocations of THYROTOXO?
1) Angina
2) Tachycardia
3) CHF
What are 4 CNS complications of THYROTOXO?
1) Delirium
2) Agitation
3) Irritability
4) Insomnia
What is the Tx of GRAVE’S?
- 1st line: Drugs yayyy! eg Tapazole
- Radioiodine (emits radiation to kill cells)
- Sx (to remove sections, make smaller)
