Nicholas II

Question 1

Vyshnegradsky?

Answer 1

1892 Grain Exports increased by 18%

Budget in surplus

Heavy Taxation (Increased Inequality between Kulaks and Peasants)

1888 Loan negotiated with the French

1891 Medle’ev Tariff Act –> were helping to protect developing internal industries, while contributing to the giv taxation revenue

Question 2

Witte?

Answer 2

Rapid Industrial Expansion

Coal Production doubled

Iron and Oil soon became fastest growing sector of the Russian Economy

1900- Russia was entirely self-sufficient in petroleu

1885–>1913 Oil production troubled

1885-1913 –> Average annual rate of growth of industrial production –> 6.10% –> 6.25%

Building of the 7000 km Trans-Siberian Railway linking European Russia and Western Siberia

Question 3

Criticisms of Witte’s Reforms?

Answer 3

Paul gregory questioned the idea of a decline rurual living standards

Avg Male –> 27.25 Avg Femake —> 29.38

Gregory argued that the economy was growing marginally than the population was rising

Therefore belueved that output rose fast enough to feed most of the population