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Neurology - professional - batt > Neuroanatomy 4 > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy 4 Flashcards

1
Q

In what direction do the cranial nerves exit the cranium generally?

A

anteriorly

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2
Q

What CN exits posteriorly?

A

CNIV

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3
Q

What CN exits laterally?

A

CNVIII

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4
Q

What side of the body would a lesion in the left cerebellum affect?

A

ipsilateral

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5
Q

Where are the soma of sensory nerve cells found?

A

ganglia

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6
Q

Which CN doesnt synapse in the thalamus before the cortex?

A

CNI

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7
Q

Where is the primary olfactory area?

A

medial temporal to basal frontal

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8
Q

Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons of CNIII located?

A

Edinger-Westphal nucleus

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9
Q

What muscles does hypoglossal nerve innervate?

A

genioglossus; hyoglossus; styloglossu and intrinsic tongue muscles

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10
Q

Where are the nuclei found in the brainstem generally for III, IV, VI and XII?

A

midline

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11
Q

Where does spinal accessory arise from?

A

cervical spinal cord

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12
Q

Where does the oculomotor nucleus lie?

A

midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus

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13
Q

Where is abducens nucelus?

A

beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle in caudal pons

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14
Q

Where is the hypoglossal nucleus?

A

beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle near the midline

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15
Q

Where do hypoglossal axons travel?

A

between pyramid and olive of medulla

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16
Q

Where does cranial root of accessory arise from?

A

nucelus ambiguus of medullar

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17
Q

What nerve does cranial accessory travel with?

A

CNX

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18
Q

What are the functions of the trigeminal nerve?

A

somatosensation of face; proprioception assoc. with chewing; motor control

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19
Q

What muscles does trigeminal nerve control?

A

muscles of mastication; tensor tympani; mylohyoid; ant. belly of digastric; tensor veli palatini

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20
Q

What is the function of mesencephalic nucleus?

A

receives proprioceptive info from muscles of mastication

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21
Q

What is the function of the pontine trigeminal nucleus?

A

receives fine touch and vibration

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22
Q

Where is the sensory nucleus of trigeminal?

A

long column of neurons from midbrain down to upper 2 segments of the cervical spinal cord

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23
Q

What are the 3 parts of the sensory nucleus?

A

mesencephalic nucleus; pontine trigeminal nucleus and spinal nucleus

24
Q

Why is the mesencephalic nucleus unusual?

A

contains primary afferent neurons and is within the CNS

25
Q

What are the function of CNVII?

A

motor; parasymp to salivary glands; taste

26
Q

What are the function os CNIX?

A

general sensory from posterior tongue and upper pharynx; taste; parasymp to parotid gland; motor

27
Q

What muscle does CNIX supply motor?

A

stylopharyngeus

28
Q

How do motor fibres of CNVII leave pons?

A

loop around abducens nucleus

29
Q

Where is the facial motor nucleus?

A

caudal pons close to the midline

30
Q

Where do facial taste axons go?

A

solitary nucleus

31
Q

Where is the solitary nucleus?

A

lateral to the facial motor nucleus

32
Q

What ganglion do fibres from the solitary nucleus synapse?

A

geniculate ganglion

33
Q

What other fibres synapse at the geniculate ganglion?

A

axons from the spinal trigeminal tract

34
Q

What fibres from CNVII synapse in the spinal trigeminal nucelus?

A

somatosensation associated with the ear

35
Q

Where is the geniculate ganglion located?

A

petrous temporal bone

36
Q

Where do glossopharyngeal taste fibres go?

A

solitary nucleus

37
Q

Where do motor fibres of glossopharyngeus originiate?

A

nucleus ambiguus

38
Q

Where do parasympathetics of CNIX originate?

A

inferior salivatory nucleus

39
Q

Where do parasympathetics of vagus originate?

A

dorsal nucleus

40
Q

What vagus fibres are based in the solitary nucleus?

A

taste from epiglottis

41
Q

Where do the motor fibres to pharynx and larynx of vagus originate?

A

nucleus ambiguus

42
Q

What fibres of vagus orginiate in the spinal trigeminal nucleus?

A

pain from the dura and somatosensation from the ear

43
Q

What information does the solitary nucleus receive?

A

taste and visceral sensory

44
Q

What cranial nerves are involved in the solitary nucleus?

A

CNs VII; IX and X

45
Q

What information are the superior and inferior salivatory nuclei invovled in sending?

A

parasympathetics to ganglio of salivary glands and pterygopalatine ganglion

46
Q

What CNs are involved in the salivatory nuclei?

A

CNs VII and IX

47
Q

What is the nucleus ambiguus involved in?

A

motor efferents to muscles of pharynx, larynx and upper oesophagus

48
Q

What CNs are involved at nucleus ambiguus?

A

CNs IX; X( and cranial part of XI)

49
Q

What is the shape of the solitary nucleus?

A

extends in a V-shape from upper to lower medulla

50
Q

What nucleus is the solitary nucleus adjacent to?

A

commissual nucleus

51
Q

What fibres does the commisural nucleus recieve?

A

visceral afferents

52
Q

What fibres does CNIX carry to the commissural nucleus?

A

carotid sinus/body

53
Q

What fibres does CNX carry to the commissural nucleus?

A

aortic arch and viscera (pulmonary stretch receptors)

54
Q

What tract gives motor input to the CNs?

A

corticobulbar tract

55
Q

What tract does the corticobulbar tract generally follow?

A

CST-except doesn’t get to pyramids

56
Q

What CNs does the corticobulbar tract contribute motor fibres to?

A

CN V; VII; X and XII

Neurology - professional - batt (40 decks)

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