Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurology - professional - batt > CNS infections > Flashcards

CNS infections Flashcards

1
Q

What happens grossly with pyogenic meningitis?

A

a thick layer of suppurative exudate which covers the meninges over the surfave of the brain esp. in basal and convex surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is seen micrsocopically in pyogenic meningitis?

A

neutrophils in the subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is viral meningitis commonly seen?

A

late summer/autumn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What commonly causes viral meningitis?

A

enteroviruses eg ECHO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What investigations are done with viral meningitis?

A

viral stool culture; throat swab and CSF PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment for viral meningitis?

A

supportive as self-limiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the clinical features of encephalitis?

A

insidious onset; sometimes sudden; meningismus; stupor, coma; seizures; confusion; psychosis; speech and memory symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the investigations for encephalitis?

A

LP; EEG and MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What treatment should be started immediately with encephalitiy?

A

aciclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis in neonates?

A

listeria; group B strep; e.coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis in children?

A

H.influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis in ages 10-21?

A

neisseria meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis over 21s?

A

strep. pneumo > neisseria meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis in over 65s?

A

strep. pneumo > listeria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What bugs do patients wti hdecreased cell mediated immunity tend to get?

A

listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What bugs do neurosurgery or head trauma pts get?

A

staph; gram negatvie bacilli; s.epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What bug do patients with cribiform plate #s get?

A

strep. pnuemo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What bugs do patients with a CSF shunt get?

A

s. epidermidis; s.aureus; aerobic GNR; propionibacterium acnes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What CNs are particularly vulnerable in purulent meningitis?

A

III and VI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What prevents meningitis becoming an abscess?

A

pia

21
Q

What antibiotic is given for listeria?

A

amoxicillin

22
Q

How does meningitis cause hydrocephalus?

A

flow of CSF blocked due to puss

23
Q

What are the routes of pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis?

A

nasopharyngeal colonisation; direct extension of bacteria; from remote foci of infection

24
Q

What causes symptoms of with neisseria meningitis?

A

endotoxin

25
Q

Who is most susceptible to s.pneumoniae meningitis?

A

hospitalised pts; patients with CSF skull #s; dibaetics/alcoholic and young children

26
Q

What CNS device is associated with S.pneumoniae?

A

cochlear implants

27
Q

What type of bacteria is listerai monocytogenes?

A

gram positive bacilli

28
Q

Who gets TB meningitis?

A

elderly

29
Q

Who gets cryptococcal meningitis?

A

HIV CD4<100

30
Q

What is the treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?

A

IV amphotericin

31
Q

What is given empirically for suspected meningitis?

A

cefotaxime or ceftriaxone and dexamethosone

32
Q

What are the signs of bacterial meningitis?

A

fever; stiff neck and alteration in conscousness; heache; vomiting; photophobia; rash

33
Q

What is seen typically on LP with bacterial meningitis?

A

neutrophilic pleocytosis and low CSF glucose

34
Q

What are causes of non-infectious meningitis?

A

chemical meningitis-contrast; behcet syndrome and drug-induced

35
Q

What is aseptic meningitis?

A

meningitis that has has low number of WBC; minimally elevated protein and a normal glucose on LP

36
Q

Who should have a CT before an LP?

A

immunocompromised; hx of CNS disease; new onset seizures; papilloedema; altered consciousness; focal neurologic deficits

37
Q

What are warning signs with meningitis?

A

makred depressive conscious level; focal neurology; seizures; shock; bradycardia and HT; papilloedema

38
Q

What is given for penicillin allergy empirically?

A

chloramphenicol with vancomycin

39
Q

What is given penicillin allergy for listeria?

A

co-trimaxazole

40
Q

What is given prophylactically for those been in contact with meningitis patient?

A

ciprofloxacin

41
Q

How many groups of meningococcus are ther?

A

12

42
Q

What capsular groups of meningococcus are more common in the UK?

A

B,C, W and Y

43
Q

When is listeria cover required?

A

> 60 years; immunocompromised (inc DM and alcohol)

44
Q

What bug should be considered in a pt with encephalitis and contact with fresh water?

A

leptospirosis

45
Q

Give an example of an aerobic GNR?

A

Pseudomonas

46
Q

What is given for penicillin resistant pneumococci?

A

vancomycin or rifampicin

47
Q

what drugs can cause aseptic meningitis?

A

co-trimoxazole; IVIG; NSAIDs

48
Q

What indicates a fluctuating conscious level?

A

> 2 fall in GCS

Neurology - professional - batt (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions