Neuro pt 1

Question 1

what is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the adult brain

Answer 1

glioblastoma

Question 2

who is western equine encephalitis more common in

Answer 2

young children

Question 3

is encephalitis typically viral or bacterial

Answer 3

viral

Question 4

what is severe headache from inc intracranial pressure due to

Answer 4

stretching of dura and walls of large BVs

Question 5

who does st louis encephalitis affect more

Answer 5

elders

Question 6

as ICP rises, does BP rise or dec

Answer 6

rises

Question 7

where are cerebral aneurysms most common

Answer 7

points of bifurcation on the circle of willis

Question 8

where are brain abcesses more commonly found

Answer 8

in the frontal or temporal lobes

Question 9

In young adults what bacteria typically causes meningitis

Answer 9

n. meningitides
meningococcus

Question 10

why is there a slow HR with inc intracranial pressure

Answer 10

due to baroreceptor response to inc BP

Question 11

what is a transtentorial herniation

Answer 11

when the brain moves either up or down across the tentorium

Question 12

when is western equine encephalitis more common

Answer 12

in the summer

Question 13

what is an uncal herniation

Answer 13

when part of the temporal lobe moves downward into the tentorial notch

Question 14

what is a brain abcess

Answer 14

localized infection

Question 15

what is a closed head injury

Answer 15

brain tissue is damaged but skull is not fractured

Question 16

what is a concussion

Answer 16

minimal brain trauma due to sudden excessive movement of the brain

Question 17

how long does brain ischemia need to cause irreversible nerve cell damage

Answer 17

5 misn

Question 18

what are the 3 types of strokes

Answer 18

ischemic
transient ischemic
hemorrhagic

Question 19

what is a contrecoup brain injury

Answer 19

area of the brain contralateral to the site of direct damage

Question 20

why is there a high BP inc intracranial pressure

Answer 20

to provide more blood to brain to relieve ischemia

Question 21

what bacteria causes meningitis in young children

Answer 21

H. Influenzae

Question 22

what is a cerebrovascular accident

Answer 22

an infarrction of brain tissue that results form lack of blood

Question 23

what is a subarachnoid hemmorhage

Answer 23

hemmorhage between arachnoid and pia

Question 24

what is the most common cause of brain damage

Answer 24

vascular disorders

Question 25

what are two types of treatment for a cerebral aneurysm

Answer 25

clipping and typing off reducing ICP to avoid rupture

Question 26

where does a glioblastoma typically fomr

Answer 26

in the cerebral white matter

Question 27

what causes west nile fever

Answer 27

flavivirus

Question 28

what are the 2 parts of the cerebrum

Answer 28

basal ganglia cerebral cortex

Question 29

what is a contusion

Answer 29

bruising of brain tissue, ruputre of small BVs and edema

Question 30

what are the 3 components of the brianstem

Answer 30

medulla pons midbrain

Question 31

what caues ameobic meningoencephalitis

Answer 31

naegleria flowleri

Question 32

abnormal CSF protein levels can indicate what

Answer 32

neoplasm

Question 34

what types of tumors are common in young children

Answer 34

brainstem and cerebellar

Question 35

what are some vital signs of inc intracranial pressure

Answer 35

cerebral ischemia inc BP slow HR low resp rate

Question 36

why is it so difficult to treat glioblastomas

Answer 36

resistant to radiation and chemo hard to remove via surgery typically too big by the time its diagnoses

Question 37

what is the tentorium

Answer 37

dural fold that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum forming a supratentorial and an infratentorial region

Question 38

what is a subdural hematoma

Answer 38

blood fills space between dura and arachnoid

Question 39

what is another name for a CVA

Answer 39

stroke

Question 40

what is the function of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 40

to provide a cushion for brain and spinal cord

Question 41

what do transient ischemic attacks result from

Answer 41

temporary localized reduction of blood flow in the brain

Question 42

name some early signs of inc intracranial pressure

Answer 42

dec LOC dec pupil responses headache vomiting papilledema

Question 43

what is the largest category of primary malignant tumors

Answer 43

glioma

Question 44

what are the most common brain tumours

Answer 44

astrocytoma

Question 45

what causes lyme disease

Answer 45

borrelia burgdorferi

Question 46

what is papilledema from inc intracranial pressure due to

Answer 46

swelling of the optic disc

Question 47

what can compensate for blockage of the internal carotid artery

Answer 47

arterial circuit from the circle of willis

Question 48

what are some symptoms of meningitis

Answer 48

headache back pain phtophobia kernig and brudzinski's sign

Question 49

what is vomiting from inc intracranial pressure due to

Answer 49

pressure stimulating the emetic center in the medulla

Question 50

what bacteria causes menigitis most in neonates

Answer 50

e coli

Question 51

what is an open head injury

Answer 51

involves fractures or penetration into the brain

Question 52

what causes herpes simplex encephlaitis

Answer 52

herpes simplex 1

Question 53

what is a deppressed skull fracture

Answer 53

displacement of a piece of bone below the level of the skull

Question 54

why is there a low resp rate with inc intracranial pressure

Answer 54

due to chemoreceptor responses to low CO2 levels

Question 55

what is encephalitis

Answer 55

infection of the parenchymal or CT in the brain and spinal cord --> necrosis and inflammation

Question 56

what is an epidural hematoma

Answer 56

blood fills space between dura and bone

Question 57

what are the 2 parts of the diencephalon

Answer 57

thalamus hypothalamus

Question 58

what colour is the CSF is theres an infection

Answer 58

yellowish due to WBCs

Question 59

what bacteria typically causes meningitis in older adults

Answer 59

streptococcus pneumoniae