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PHS 3300 > Neuro pt 1 > Flashcards

Neuro pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the adult brain

A

glioblastoma

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2
Q

who is western equine encephalitis more common in

A

young children

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3
Q

is encephalitis typically viral or bacterial

A

viral

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4
Q

what is severe headache from inc intracranial pressure due to

A

stretching of dura and walls of large BVs

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5
Q

who does st louis encephalitis affect more

A

elders

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6
Q

as ICP rises, does BP rise or dec

A

rises

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7
Q

where are cerebral aneurysms most common

A

points of bifurcation on the circle of willis

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8
Q

where are brain abcesses more commonly found

A

in the frontal or temporal lobes

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9
Q

In young adults what bacteria typically causes meningitis

A

n. meningitides
meningococcus

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10
Q

why is there a slow HR with inc intracranial pressure

A

due to baroreceptor response to inc BP

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11
Q

what is a transtentorial herniation

A

when the brain moves either up or down across the tentorium

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12
Q

when is western equine encephalitis more common

A

in the summer

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13
Q

what is an uncal herniation

A

when part of the temporal lobe moves downward into the tentorial notch

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14
Q

what is a brain abcess

A

localized infection

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15
Q

what is a closed head injury

A

brain tissue is damaged but skull is not fractured

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16
Q

what is a concussion

A

minimal brain trauma due to sudden excessive movement of the brain

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17
Q

how long does brain ischemia need to cause irreversible nerve cell damage

A

5 misn

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18
Q

what are the 3 types of strokes

A

ischemic
transient ischemic
hemorrhagic

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19
Q

what is a contrecoup brain injury

A

area of the brain contralateral to the site of direct damage

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20
Q

why is there a high BP inc intracranial pressure

A

to provide more blood to brain to relieve ischemia

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21
Q

what bacteria causes meningitis in young children

A

H. Influenzae

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22
Q

what is a cerebrovascular accident

A

an infarrction of brain tissue that results form lack of blood

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23
Q

what is a subarachnoid hemmorhage

A

hemmorhage between arachnoid and pia

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24
Q

what is the most common cause of brain damage

A

vascular disorders

25
Q

what are two types of treatment for a cerebral aneurysm

A

clipping and typing off
reducing ICP to avoid rupture

26
Q

where does a glioblastoma typically fomr

A

in the cerebral white matter

27
Q

what causes west nile fever

A

flavivirus

28
Q

what are the 2 parts of the cerebrum

A

basal ganglia
cerebral cortex

29
Q

what is a contusion

A

bruising of brain tissue, ruputre of small BVs and edema

30
Q

what are the 3 components of the brianstem

A

medulla
pons
midbrain

31
Q

what caues ameobic meningoencephalitis

A

naegleria flowleri

32
Q

abnormal CSF protein levels can indicate what

A

neoplasm

33
Q
A
34
Q

what types of tumors are common in young children

A

brainstem and cerebellar

35
Q

what are some vital signs of inc intracranial pressure

A

cerebral ischemia
inc BP
slow HR
low resp rate

36
Q

why is it so difficult to treat glioblastomas

A

resistant to radiation and chemo
hard to remove via surgery
typically too big by the time its diagnoses

37
Q

what is the tentorium

A

dural fold that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum forming a supratentorial and an infratentorial region

38
Q

what is a subdural hematoma

A

blood fills space between dura and arachnoid

39
Q

what is another name for a CVA

A

stroke

40
Q

what is the function of cerebrospinal fluid

A

to provide a cushion for brain and spinal cord

41
Q

what do transient ischemic attacks result from

A

temporary localized reduction of blood flow in the brain

42
Q

name some early signs of inc intracranial pressure

A

dec LOC
dec pupil responses
headache
vomiting
papilledema

43
Q

what is the largest category of primary malignant tumors

A

glioma

44
Q

what are the most common brain tumours

A

astrocytoma

45
Q

what causes lyme disease

A

borrelia burgdorferi

46
Q

what is papilledema from inc intracranial pressure due to

A

swelling of the optic disc

47
Q

what can compensate for blockage of the internal carotid artery

A

arterial circuit from the circle of willis

48
Q

what are some symptoms of meningitis

A

headache
back pain
phtophobia
kernig and brudzinski’s sign

49
Q

what is vomiting from inc intracranial pressure due to

A

pressure stimulating the emetic center in the medulla

50
Q

what bacteria causes menigitis most in neonates

A

e coli

51
Q

what is an open head injury

A

involves fractures or penetration into the brain

52
Q

what causes herpes simplex encephlaitis

A

herpes simplex 1

53
Q

what is a deppressed skull fracture

A

displacement of a piece of bone below the level of the skull

54
Q

why is there a low resp rate with inc intracranial pressure

A

due to chemoreceptor responses to low CO2 levels

55
Q

what is encephalitis

A

infection of the parenchymal or CT in the brain and spinal cord –> necrosis and inflammation

56
Q

what is an epidural hematoma

A

blood fills space between dura and bone

57
Q

what are the 2 parts of the diencephalon

A

thalamus
hypothalamus

58
Q

what colour is the CSF is theres an infection

A

yellowish due to WBCs

59
Q

what bacteria typically causes meningitis in older adults

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

PHS 3300 (19 decks)

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