Nervous system intro

Question 1

Components of the nervous system

Answer 1

the brain

the spinal cord

nerves

Question 2

Functions of the nervous system

Answer 2

Sense
integrate
respond

SO MANY

Question 3

the neurons that make up the brain or spinal cord constitute which division?

Answer 3

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 4

the neurons outside of the brain or spinal cord make up which division?

Answer 4

the Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 5

two types of cells make up nervous tissues

Answer 5

neurons and neuroglia (glial cells)

Question 6

Neurons

Answer 6

conduct nerve impulses

accomplish most of the functions of the nervous system

most do not undergo cell division

p 13 coloring book

Question 7

neuroglia

Answer 7

support, protect and nourish neurons

maintain interstitial fluid around neurons

undergo mitosis and are renewed throughout life

p. 13 in coloring book

Question 8

Most neurons consists of 3 parts, which are:

Answer 8

a cell body
dendrites
axon

Question 9

The cell body of a neuron

Answer 9

contains the nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, and others

Question 10

Dendrites

Answer 10

branches off of the cell body, and receive input to the neuron (they contain receptors for chemicals released by other cells)

many neurons have several dendrite

Question 11

axon

Answer 11

a single branch off of the cell body and it propagates nerve impulses away from the cell body to targets such as other neurons, muscles, or glands.

most neurons have a single axon and may be several feet in length, though microscopic in diameter

Question 12

two different ways to classify neurons

Answer 12

structurally or functionally

Question 13

Structural classification of neurons

Answer 13

is used on the number of processes extending from he cell body of the neuron

multipolar
bipolar
unipolar

Question 14

Functional classification of neurons

Answer 14

based on the direction that the neuron conducts impulses in relation to the CNS

sensory
motor
interneurons

Question 15

Multipolar neurons

Answer 15

usually have several dendrites and a single axon.

most neurons in CNS and all motor neurons are multipolar

Question 16

Bipolar neurons

Answer 16

have one main dendrite and one axon.

found in the retina of the eye, the inner ear and the olfactory (smell) area of the brain

Question 17

unipolar neurons

Answer 17

have a single process from the cell body that splits into dendrites and an axon.

the dendrites of most unipolar neurons act as receptors for stimuli related to touch, pressure, temperature or pain

Question 18

Sensory neurons

Answer 18

convey impulses into the CNS

usually unipolar and either contain receptors at their dendritic end or are near specialized cells that act as receptors

Question 19

motor neurons

Answer 19

convey impulses away from the CNS

most motor neurons are multipolar

Question 20

interneurons

Answer 20

also known as associated neurons

usually located in the CNS, between sensory and motor neurons

tend to be multipolar

Question 21

Collections of nervous tissue

Answer 21

neurons tend to have cell bodies clustered together and axons bundled together, in both the CNS and PNS

but there are different terminology depending on if they are in the PNS or CNS

Question 22

Terms for A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS AND PNS

Answer 22

CNS - NUCLEUS

PNS- GANGLION (GANGLIA)

Question 23

Terms for bundles of axons in the CNS and PNS

Answer 23

CNS - TRACTS

PNS - NERVES

Question 24

White matter vs grey matter

Answer 24

WHITE MATTER:
consists of myelinated axons in the CNS

GREY MATTER: consists of cell bodies, non-myelinated axons, dendrites and neuroglia in the CNS