Efferent Division of Nervous System

Question 1

The efferent division consists of all the ____ neurons in the PNS

Answer 1

MOTOR

Question 2

The efferent division can be subdivided into..

Answer 2

the somatic motor
and
autonomic motor divisions

Question 3

The SOMATIC MOTOR division consists of motor neurons that lead to….

Answer 3

SKELETAL MUSCLES

Question 4

the SOMATIC DIVISION is under what type of CONTROL?

Answer 4

VOLUNTARY CONTROL

Question 5

at neuromuscular junctions, SOMATIC MOTOR NEURONS always release ____, which acts in an ____ matter

Answer 5

ACh; EXCITATORY MANNER

Question 6

Where in the body does inhibition of skeletal muscle contraction take place?

Answer 6

INHIBITION of skeletal muscles occurs in the CNS, not at the effector

Question 7

How many neurons run from the CNS to an individual SKELETON MUSCLES FIBER (somatic division)?

Answer 7

a SINGLE NEURON

Question 8

the AUTONOMIC MOTOR DIVISION consists of motor neurons that lead to:

Answer 8

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Question 9

the AUTONOMIC MOTOR DIVISION is under what type of control?

Answer 9

INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

Question 10

What neurotransmitters are used in the AUTONOMIC MOTOR DIVISION?

Answer 10

ACh and Norepinephrine (NE); both can have either an excitatory or inhibitory effect

Question 11

how many neurons run from the CNS to individual portions of the AUTONOMIC EFFECTORS?

Answer 11

TWO NEURONS - A PREGANGLIONIC NEURON AND POSTGANGLIONIC NEURON

Question 12

DUAL INNERVATION

Answer 12

most autonomic effectors receive sets of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons — one subdivision excites while the other inhibits at the EFFECTOR, not the CNS

Question 13

What is similar about the sympathetic and parasympathetic motor divisions?

Answer 13

both consists of motor neurons that lead to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands

both divisions are under INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

both usually have a pathway consisting of preganglionic and postganglionic neurons

Question 14

Key difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Answer 14

SYMPATHETIC divisions dominate under FIGHT OR FLIGHT situations

PARASYMPATHETIC dominates under REST AND DIGEST situation

Question 15

Origin of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Answer 15

SYMPATHETIC - found in the thoracolumbar region

PARASYMPATHETIC - found in the craniosacral region

know specifics? slide 8

Question 16

most SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA are located:

Answer 16

NEAR THE VERTABRAL COLUMN

This means that most PREGANGLIONIC neurons are relatively SHORT and…

the POSTSYNAPTIC neurons are relatively LONG

Question 17

most PARASYMPATHETCI GANGLIA are located:

Answer 17

NEAR OR WITHIN THE EFFECTOR

this means that most PREGANGLIONIC neurons tend to be relatively LONG AND…

POSTSYNAPTIC neurons are relatively SHORT

Question 18

a single preganglionic neuron in the SYMPATHETIC division may display a great deal of:

Answer 18

Divergence

One preganlionic diverges to many postganglionic neuron

Question 19

Since the SYMPATHETIC DIVISION can have HIGH DIVERGENCE, when the body is under sympathetic dominance, the EFFECTS ON THE BODY tend to be

Answer 19

widespread

Question 20

PARASYMPATHETIC EFFECTS tend to be more LOCALIZED because:

Answer 20

they lack divergence

Question 21

Cholinergic

Answer 21

neurons that release Ach

Question 22

Adrenergic

Answer 22

neurons that release NE

Question 23

ALL PREGANGLIONIC neurons of both the SYMP. AND PARASYMP. divisions are…

Answer 23

CHOLINGERGIC (RELEASE ACH)

Question 24

ALL POSTGANGLIONIC neurons of the PARASYMP. are…

Answer 24

CHOLINERGIC (RELEASE ACH)

Question 25

MOST POSTGANGLIONIC neurons of the SYMP. division are…

Answer 25

ADRENERGIC (RELEASE NE)