Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P > Afferent Division > Flashcards

Afferent Division Flashcards

1
Q

The afferent division of the nervous system consists of ____ neurons

A

Sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most sensory neurons are __polar neurons, the dendrites of which serve as….

A

UNIPOLAR

SENSORY RECEPTORS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TRANSDUCTION

A

when receptors convert a stimulus into a nerve impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

SENSORY RECEPTORS may be divided into TYPES based on:

A

STRUCTURE

LOCATION

TYPE OF STIMULUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sensory receptors based on microscopic STRUCTURE

A

free nerve endings

encapsulated nerve endings

separate cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sensory receptors based on LOCATION

A

extroceptors

introceptors

proprioceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sensory receptors based on TYPE OF STIMULUS detected

A

Mechanoreceptors (including osmoreceptors)

thermoreceptors

photoreceptors

chemoreceptors

nociceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FREE NERVE ENDINGS

A

bare dendrites of sensory neurons – they do not have any distinctive c.t. capsules around them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ENCAPSULATED NERVE ENDINGS

A

receptors that have distinct capsules of c.t. that surround the dendrites and tend to enhance the sensitivity or specificity of the receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

specialized SEPARATE CELLS

A

associated with sensory neurons that act as receptors for a few sensations, such as rods and cones in the retina of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Exteroceptors

A

sensitive to EXTERNAL STIMULI
tend to be located near the surface of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

INTEROCEPTORS

A

AKA Visceroceptors

respond to stimuli related to the INTERNAL body environment

located within blood vessels, muscles, and visceral organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PROPRIOCEPTORS

A

Provide info about BODY POSITION in space, muscles length and tension, and joint position and movement – in the inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MECHANORECEPTORS

A

most diverse type of receptor in the classification based on type of stimuli

respond to mechanical or physical stimuli

sensations - touch, pressure, proprioception, hearing and equilibruim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

THERMORECEPTORS

A

detect change in temp

sensations - hot and cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PHOTORECEPTORS

A

Detect light

sensation - vision

17
Q

CHEMORECEPTORS

A

detect chemical stimuli

sensation - taste, smell, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood

18
Q

NOCICEPTORS

A

Respond to noxious (damaging) stimuli

sensation - pain

19
Q

REFLEXES

A

fast, unplanned sequence of actions in response to a particular stimulus

the result of a reflex arc that utilizes receptors

20
Q

5 basic components of a REFLEX ARC

A

SENSORY RECEPTOR

AFFERENT (SENSORY) PATHWAY

INTEGRATING CENTER (CNS)

EFFERENT (MOTOR) PATHWAY

EFFECTOR

21
Q

many reflex arcs are coordinated by the ____ without ___ involvement

A

spine; brain

22
Q

CRANIAL REFLEXES

A

reflex arcs utilizing the brain as the integrating center

23
Q

SPINAL REFLEXES

A

reflex arcs utilizing the spinal cord as the integrating center

24
Q

SOMATIC REFLEXES

A

Result in contraction of skeletal muscle

25
Q

AUTONOMIC (VISCERAL) REFLEXES

A

involve smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands as the effectors

26
Q

MONOSYNAPTIC REFLEXES

A

involve one synapse between only two neurons - one sensory and one motor

27
Q

POLYSYNAPTIC REFLEXES

A

involve three or more neurons, often involving interneurons in the CNS

28
Q

SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP REFLEXES

A

refer to the location of the receptors and effectors in the body

29
Q

IPSILATERAL REFLEXES

A

only involve one side of the body

30
Q

CONTRALATERAL REFLEXES

A

involve both sides of the body

31
Q

MONOSEGMENTAL REFLEXES

A

reflexes enter and leave one segment of the spinal cord

32
Q

INTERSEGMENTAL REFLEXES

A

reflexes involve several segments of the spinal cord

33
Q

STRETCH REFLEXES

A

cause the CONTRACTION OF A SKELETAL MSUCLE IN RESPONSE TO IT BEING STRETCHED

34
Q

RECIPROCAL INNERVATION

A

refers to the relaxation of antagonist muscles to allow contraction of other muscles during a stretch reflex

slide 11

35
Q

TENDON RELFEXES

A

control the amount of tension in muscles and their tendons before forces could become great enough to tear them

essentially the opposite of the actions triggered by a stretch reflex

not bold but helpful to understand - tendon reflexes may override stretch reflexes if the tension in contracting muscles becomes great enough to threaten to damage a muscle or its tendon

36
Q

testing reflex arcs provides:

A

a NON-INVASIVE MEANS OF EVALUATING GENERAL FUNCTIONING OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

A&P (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions