Nervous 3 Flashcards by Calum Gibson-Smith | Brainscape

Q

What kind of fibres pass through the corpus collosum?

A

Commissure fibres

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Q

What are the 4 parts of the corpus collosum?

A

Rostrum

Genu

Body

Splenium

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Q

What is A?

A

Body

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Q

What is B?

A

Genu

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Q

What is C?

A

Rostrum

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Q

What is D?

A

Spleenium

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Q

What is the septum pellucidum?

A

Thin sheet that lies in the mied sagittal plane and seperates the anterior horns of the two lateral ventricles

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Q

What is the septum pellicuidum inferior to?

A

Corpus collosum

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Q

What is inferior to the septum pellicudum?

A

Fornix

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Q

What is the fornix?

A

Bundle of fibres that linkes the hippocampus with the mammilary bodies

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Q

What is the connection between the lateral ventricles and III ventricle?

A

Interventricular foramen

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Q

What is E?

A

Septum pellicidum

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Q

What is F?

A

Fornix

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Q

What are the black spaces at each side?

A

Lateral ventricles

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Q

What is the bulbous projection on the floor of the lateral ventricle?

A

Caudate nucleus

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Q

Caudate nucleus is one of what?

A

The basal nuclei

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Q

What is the thalamus?

A

Sensory relay area made up of smaller masses of gray matter nuclei, each with a different function

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Q

What of the general sensory information from the body relays to what nucleus?

A

Ventro-postero-lateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus

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Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus? (x6)

A

Releasing hormone

Regulating temperature

Regulating hunger

Managing sexual behaviour

Regulating emotional response

Regulating thirst

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Q

A fold of what immediately overlies the pituitary gland?

A

Dura mater (called Diaphragma sellae)

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Q

What fold overlies the pituitary gland?

A

Diaphragma sellae

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Q

What gland is immediately posterior to the thalamus?

A

Pineal gland

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Q

Where are the colliculi in relation to the pineal gland?

A

Inferior

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Q

The colliculi are a component of what?

A

Midbrain

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Q

What is A?

A

Third ventricle

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Q

What is B?

A

Intermediate mass of thalamus

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Q

What is C?

A

Hypothalamus

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Q

What is D?

A

Optic chiasma

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Q

What is E?

A

Pituitary gland

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Q

What is F?

A

Mammilary body

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Q

What is G?

A

Pons

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Q

What is H?

A

Medulla oblogata

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Q

What is I?

A

Spinal cord

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Q

What is J?

A

Cerebellum

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Q

What is K?

A

Choroid plexus

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Q

What is L?

A

Fourth ventricle

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Q

What is M?

A

Cerebral peduncle of midbrain

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Q

What is N>

A

Cerebral aquaduct

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Q

What is O?

A

Corpora quadridgemina

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Q

What is P?

A

Pineal body (part of epithalamus)

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Q

What is Q?

A

Thalamus

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Q

What is r?

A

Choroid plexus of third ventricle

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Q

What is S?

A

Corpus collosum

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Q

What is A?

A

Median longitudinal fissure

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Q

What is B?

A

Lateral ventricle

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Q

What is C?

A

Anterior limb of internal capsule

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Q

What is D?

A

Genu of internal capsule

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Q

What is E?

A

Posterior limb of internal capsule

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Q

What is F?

A

Thalamus

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Q

What is G?

A

III ventricle

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Q

What is H?

A

Lentiform nucleus (putamen is medial and globus pallidus is lateral)

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Q

What is I?

A

Caudate nucleus

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Q

What structures together constitute the basal ganlia nuclei?

A

Caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus

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Q

What is the internal capsule made up of?

A

Myelinated axons (white matter)

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Q

What is the name given to fibres that connect cerebral hemispheres to other parts of the brain, such as through the internal capsule?

A

projection fibres

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Q

What are the structural parts internal capsule?

A

Anterior limb, genu and posterior limb

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Q

Which cerebral artery through one of its branches supplies the internal capsule?

A

Middle cerebral artery

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Q

What is A?

A

Superior colliculus

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Q

What is B?

A

Periaquaductal grey matter

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Q

What is C?

A

Oculomotor nucleus

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Q

What is D?

A

Medial lemniscus

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Q

What is E?

A

Red nucleus

Q

What is F?

A

Substantia nigra

Q

What is G?

A

Corticospinal fibres

Q

What is H?

A

Cerebral peduncle

Q

What is I?

A

Reticular formation

Q

What is J?

A

Cerebral aquaduct

Q

What group of structures is the substantia nigra apart of?

A

Basal ganglia

Q

Where would the red nucleus be in relation to the substantia nigra?

A

Posterior to it

Q

What fibres does the cerebral peduncle contain?

A

Ascending sensory and descending motor fibres

Q

What part of the brain does this show?

A

Pons

Q

What is A?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

Q

What is B?

A

Medial lemniscus

Q

What is C?

A

Transverse pontine fibres

Q

What is D?

A

Deep pontine nucleus

Q

What is E?

A

Corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts

Q

What is F?

A

Sensory and motor nucleus of CN V

Q

What is G?

A

IV ventricle

Q

What is H?

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle

Q

What is I?

A

Cavity of IV ventricle

Q

What is J?

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle

Q

What is K?

A

Main sensory nucleus of CN V

Q

What is L?

A

Motor nucleus of CN V

Q

What is M?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

Q

What is N?

A

Medial lemniscus

Q

What is O?

A

Pontine nucleus

Q

What is P?

A

Bundles of corticospinal and corticonuclear fibres

Q

What is the medial lemniscus?

A

Large ascending bundle of heavily myelinated axons that decussate in the brainstem, specifically in the medulla oblongata

Q

What are the pontine nuclei?

A

Nuclei of the pons involved in motor activity

Q

What forms the medial lemniscus?

A

Gracile nucleus (medial) - carries sensory information from lower half of body

Cuneate nucleus (lateral) - carries sensory information from upper half of body

both found in junction between medulla and spinal cord

Q

What does this section show?

A

Medulla

Q

What is A?

A

Nucleus gracilis

Q

What is B?

A

Fasciculus gracilis

Q

What is C?

A

Fasciculus cuneatus

Q

What is D?

A

Spinal tract (CN V)

Q

What is E?

A

Spinal nucleus (CN V)

Q

What is F?

A

Posterior spinocerebellar tract

Q

What is G?

A

Anterior spinocerebellar tract

Q

What is H?

A

Decussation of pyramids

Q

What is I?

A

Spinothalamic tracts

Q

What is J?

A

Nucleus cuteatus

Q

What is K?

A

Medial longitutinal fasciculus

Q

What is L?

A

Spinal tract (CN V)

Q

What is M?

A

Spinal nucleus (CN V)

Q

What is N?

A

Fibres of CN X

Q

What is O?

A

Nucleus ambiguus

Q

What is P?

A

Posterior spinocerebellar tract

Q

What is Q?

A

Anterior spinocerebellar tract

Q

What is R?

A

Deccusation of medial lemniscus

Q

What is S?

A

Pyramid

Q

What is T?

A

Inferior olivary nucleus

Q

What is U?

A

Spinothalamic tracts

Q

What is V?

A

Reticular formation

Q

What is W?

A

Central canal

Q

What is X?

A

Accessory cuneate nucleus

Q

What is Y?

A

Nucleus cuneatus

Q

What is Z?

A

Nucleus gracilis

Q

What fibres make up the elevations of the pyramids and olives?

A

Pyramids - corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts

Olives - contains inferior olivary nucleus

Q

What are the 3 main coronal sections of the brain you need to be aware of?

A

Anterior - coronal plane passes just anterior to optic chiasma

Middle - coronal plane passes just posterior to optic chiasma

Posterior - coronal plane passes through plenium (posterior part) of corpus callosum

Q

What is A?

A

Cingulate gyrus

Q

What is B?

A

Body of fornix

Q

What is C?

A

Central part of lateral ventricle

Q

What is D?

A

Body of caudate nucleus

Q

What is E?

A

Third ventricle

Q

What is F?

A

Lenticular nucleus

Q

What is G?

A

Insular lobe

Q

What is H?

A

External capsule

Q

What is I?

A

Globus pallidus

Q

What is J?

A

Tail of the caudate nucleus

Q

What is K?

A

Optic tract

Q

What is L?

A

Hippocampus

Q

What is M?

A

Substantia nigra

Q

What is N?

A

Mammillary bodies

Q

What is O?

A

Subthalamic nucleus

Q

What is P?

A

Temporal horn of the lateral ventricle

Q

What is Q?

A

Globus pallidus internal segment

Q

What is R?

A

Claustrum

Q

What is S?

A

Putamen

Q

What is T?

A

Extreme capsule

Q

What is U?

A

Internal capsule

Q

What is V?

A

Thalamus

Q

What is W?

A

Thalamus

Q

What is X?

A

Choroid plexus

Q

What is Y?

A

Body of corpus collosum

Q

What part of the spinal column is this?

A

Cervical

Q

What part of the spinal column is this?

A

Thoracic

Q

What part of the spinal column is this?

A

Lumbar

Q

What part of the spinal column is this?

A

Sacral

Q

How do you identify where from the spinal column a section comes from?

A

Cervical - thin and pointy

Thoracic - thin and pointy, smaller than cervical

Lumbar - thick

Sacral - thickest, more geometric than lumbar

Q

What aspect of the spinal cord receives sensory nerve fibres?

A

Dorsal route ganglion

Q

From which aspect of the spinal cord do motor nerve fibres project?

A

Ventral

Q

Why does the size of the ventral grey horn vary along the spinal cord (most notibly the cervical and lumbar regions)?

A

Due to brachial and lumbosacral plexus

Q

What is the name given to the hole in the middle of the spinal cord and what does it contain?

A

Central canal, contains CSF