Lower Limb Anatomy Extra

Question 1

What muscle(s) attach to the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 1

Hamstrings

Question 2

What muscle(s) attach to the pecten pubis?

Answer 2

Pectineus muscle

Question 3

What muscle(s) attach to the iliac fossa?

Answer 3

iliacus

Question 4

What muscle(s) attach to the ASIS?

Answer 4

Sartorius

Question 5

What muscle(s) attach to the anterior inferior iliac spine?

Answer 5

Rectus femoris

Attches to AIIS as well as a part just superior to the acetabulum

Question 6

What muscle(s) attach to the greater trochanter?

Answer 6

Many of the gluteal muscles

Question 7

What muscle(s) attach to the lesser trochanter?

Answer 7

Iliopsoas

Question 8

What muscle(s) attach to the gluteal tuberosity?

Answer 8

Gluteus maximus

Question 9

What ligament is found in the fovea on the head of the femur?

Answer 9

Ligament of the head of the femur

Question 10

What line on the femur follows on from the gluteal tuberosity?

Answer 10

Linea aspira

Question 11

Which condyle of the femur is much larger?

Answer 11

Medial condyle

Question 12

What muscle(s) attach to the adductor tubercle of the femur?

Answer 12

Adductor magnus

Question 13

where is the adductor tubercle located?

Answer 13

Distal femur just superior to the medial epicondyle

Question 14

In the lateral epicondyle of the femur there is a groove. What structure slots into this groove?

Answer 14

Tendon of the popliteus

Question 15

What connects the tibia and the fibula?

Answer 15

Interosseus membrane

Question 16

What surface of the tibia is subcutaneous and felt quite easily?

Answer 16

Antero-medial

shin bone

Question 17

What muscle(s) attach to the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 17

patellar ligament

Question 18

How many tarsal bones are there?

Answer 18

7

Question 19

How many carpal bones are in the hand?

Answer 19

8

Question 20

What foot bone is the link between it and the leg?

Answer 20

the talus

Question 21

What movements take place at the ankle joint?

During which movement is the joint most stable?

Answer 21

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

dorsiflexion

Question 22

With which bones OF THE FOOT does the talus articulate with?

Answer 22

Navicular in front

Calcaneus behind

Question 23

The calcaneus articulates with which bones?

Answer 23

Talus above

Cuboid anteriorly

Question 24

Inversion and eversion of the foot occurs at which joint?

Answer 24

Subtalar = talocalcaneal joint

Question 25

The navicular bone is sandwitched between which bones?

Answer 25

Talus and 3 cuniform bones

Question 26

The navicular bone has a tuberosity on its lateral side. What attaches to this?

Answer 26

Tibialis posterior

Question 27

The tuberosity at the base of the 5th metatarsal has which muscle attach to it?

Answer 27

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis This can be felt halfway along the lateral border of the foot

Question 28

What muscle runs in the groove on the underside of the cuboid?

Answer 28

Tendon of the fibularis longus

Question 29

Which muscles flex the hip joint from lateral to medial?

Answer 29

Sartorius Iliopsoas Pecineus

Question 30

What are the attachments of the sartorius?

Answer 30

ASIS to medial surface of tibia

Question 31

The iliopsoas attaches to what part of the femur?

Answer 31

Lesser trochanter

Question 32

What are the actions of the pectineus?

Answer 32

Flexion and adduction of the hip

Question 33

Psoas major arises from where?

Answer 33

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 34

What is the action of the rectus femoris?

Answer 34

flexes the hip and extends the knee

Question 35

The fibrous structure in which the patella is embeded in arises from the quadraceps femoris. Above the patella what is this called? Below the patella to the tibial tuberosity what is this called?

Answer 35

Patella tendon Patellar ligament

Question 36

What are the attachments of the gracillis?

Answer 36

Pubis to tibia (inserts between the sartorius above and semitendinosis below) -> girl between two sailors

Question 37

Adductor longus arises from where?

Answer 37

Pubis

Question 38

What are the attachments of the adductor brevis?

Answer 38

Pubis to linea aspira | brevis so shorter course

Question 39

What muscle usually covers the adductor brevis?

Answer 39

Pectineus

Question 40

What are the two parts of the adductor magnus?

Answer 40

Hamstring part -> attaches to adductor tubercle | True adductor part -> attaches to linea aspira

Question 41

What nerve innervated the gluteus maximus?

Answer 41

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 42

What 3 muscles abduct the hip joint? What nerve supplies them?

Answer 42

Gluteus medius Gluteus Medius Tensor fascia lata Superior gluteal nerve

Question 43

What are the attachments of the piriformis?

Answer 43

Sacrum to the greater trochanter

Question 44

The superior and inferior gluteal nerves are named in relation to what?

Answer 44

Superior gluteal nerve superior to piriformis Inferior gluteal nerve inferior to piriformis

Question 45

The obturator internus passes through which pelvic foramen?

Answer 45

Lesser sciatic foramen

Question 46

Name the lateral rotators of the hip from superior to inferior

Answer 46

``` Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris ```

Question 47

The sciatic nerve lies on the quadratus femoris midway between which two bony markers?

Answer 47

Ischial tuberosity | greater trochanter

Question 48

The hamstrings arise from where?

Answer 48

Ischial tuberosity | short head of biceps actually comes from the femur

Question 49

What are the names of the hamstrings?

Answer 49

Semitendinosus Long head of biceps femoris Short head of biceps femoris Semimembranosus (proximal part is membranous)

Question 50

What nerve supplies the hamstrings?

Answer 50

Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

Question 51

Which muscle isnt really a hamstring?

Answer 51

Short head of biceps femoris Doesnt actually cross the hip joint so has no action here like the others do Also different nerve supply -> common fibular branch of the sciatic nerve

Question 52

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the LEG from medial to lateral. (medial to lateral in relation to the order they lie in at the ankle)

Answer 52

Tibialis anterior | Extensor digitorum longus

Question 53

Where does the tibialis anterior insert?

Answer 53

Medial cuniform and base of the 1st metatarsal

Question 54

What are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

Answer 54

Dorsiflexes Inverts the foot (supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot)

Question 55

What are the actions of extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 55

Dorsiflexion | Extends the lateral 4 toes

Question 56

What muscle lies just between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus and is quite hard to see?

Answer 56

Tibialis anterior extensor Hallucis longus (dorsalis pedis Artery) Extensor digitorum longus (talkative husbands are (not) efficient)

Question 57

Which muscle of the leg arises from the most inferior part of the EDL. It is not present in all individuals, and is considered by some texts as a part of the extensor digitorum longus?

Answer 57

Fibularis tertius (peroneus tertius)

Question 58

What nerve supplies all the muscles of the anterior leg?

Answer 58

deep fibular nerve

Question 59

What easily visible vein arises on the dorsum of the foot and passes anterior to the medial malleolus up the leg?

Answer 59

great saphenous vein

Question 60

Most if the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg are supplied by which nerve?

Answer 60

Tibial nerve

Question 61

The popliteus performs which action

Answer 61

Unlocks the knee Lateral rotation of the fumur with the foot planted on the ground

Question 62

What are the muscles of the posterior leg

Answer 62

liugkgkug