NERVES

Question 1

In what from do the somatic nerves initially emerge from the spinal cord

Answer 1

As a sensory dorsal and motor ventral nerve root

Question 2

Where do the sensory dorsal and motor ventral nerve root meet and come together

Answer 2

The intervertebral foreamen

Question 3

What do sensory dorsal and motor ventral nerve root create when they meet at the intervertebral foreamen

Answer 3

A mixed spinal nerve

Question 4

Where does the mixed spinal nerve exit from

Answer 4

The Intervertebral foreamen

Question 5

What does the mixed spinal nerve branch into after it exits from the intervertebral foreamen

Answer 5

A dorsal and ventral ramus

Question 6

What does ramus stand for in anatomical terms

Answer 6

A branch

Question 7

What does the ventral ramus supply

Answer 7

Skin
Muscles
Bones of anterolateral skeleton
upper and lower limbs

Question 8

What does the dorsal ramus supply

Answer 8

The posterior side of the trunk

Question 9

What does the dorsal root carry?

Answer 9

Sensory (afferent) fibres

Question 10

What does the ventral root carry?

Answer 10

Motor (efferent) fibres

Question 11

What does the mixed spinal nerve carry?

Answer 11

Both motor and sensory fibres

Question 12

What does the dorsal and ventral rami carry?

Answer 12

Both motor and sensory fibres

Question 13

In what direction does the dorsal ramus pass out of each spinal level

Answer 13

Posteriorly

Question 14

What organs does the dorsal ramus supply?

Answer 14

Muscle of back and skin of back

Question 15

In what direction does the ventral ramus pass out of each spinal level

Answer 15

Laterally and then anteriorly

Question 16

What organs does the ventral ramus supply?

Answer 16

Anterolateral thoracic (intercostal) 
Abdominal walll (oblique muscles and rectus abdominis)
Skin overlying these muscles

Question 17

What are the ventral rami that supply the intercostal muscles known as?

Answer 17

Intercostal nerves

Question 18

What intercostal nerves lies below rib 7

Answer 18

The 7th intercostal nerves

Question 19

Where does the 4th intercostal nerve lie in relation to the 4th rib

Answer 19

Below it in the intercostal groove

Question 20

How many ribs are there?

Answer 20

12

Question 21

How many intercostal nerves are there?

Answer 21

12

Question 22

What spinal level supplies the lower 6 intercostal nerves

Answer 22

T7-T12

Question 23

What do the lower 6 intercostal nerves supply

Answer 23

The bottom 6 ribs

The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

Question 24

What runs through each costal groove

Answer 24

Vein
Artery
Nerve

Question 25

What is the T12 rib also called

Answer 25

The subcostal nerve

Question 26

What is a cutaneous nerve

Answer 26

Nerves to the skin (sensory to skin)

Question 27

What plexus do the cutaneous nerves of the arm arise from?

Answer 27

The brachial plexus

Question 28

Define a dermatome

Answer 28

The joined up strip of skin supplied by fibres coming from only one single spinal nerve.

Question 29

Is a dermatome a nerve ?

Answer 29

NO! | It is a strip of skin

Question 30

What is narrower - a dermatome or a cutaneous nerve?

Answer 30

A dermatome

Question 31

Why are dermatomes useful clinically?

Answer 31

They help pinpoint the exact spinal nerve fibre that is responsible for a cutaneous nerve mis-functioning

Question 32

What dermatome supplies the ear?

Answer 32

C3

Question 33

What dermatome supplies the thumb

Answer 33

C6

Question 34

What dermatome supplies the index and middle finger?

Answer 34

C7

Question 35

What dermatome supples the medial forearm, ring finger and pinky

Answer 35

C8

Question 36

What dermatome supplies the lateral arm

Answer 36

C6

Question 37

What dermatome supplies the medial upper arm

Answer 37

T1

Question 38

What dermatome supplies the central portion of the arm

Answer 38

C5

Question 39

What is a cutaneous field?

Answer 39

an area of skin supplied by sensory neurons from a single peripheral nerve. It may be distributed to more than one spinal cord level

Question 40

What happens to sensation in a dermatome if the ventral ramus is badly damaged

Answer 40

Complete loss of sensation in dermatome

Question 41

What happens to sensation if you damage a peripheral nerve?

Answer 41

You lose sensation in the entire cutaneous filed

Question 42

What do the dermatomes of the trunk relate to?

Answer 42

The intercostal spaces of the thorax

Question 43

What joint occurs in the midline of the trunk at dermatome T2

Answer 43

Sterno-costal joints

Question 44

What feature is found at dermatome T4

Answer 44

Nipple

Question 45

What feature is found at dermatome T10

Answer 45

Belly button (umbilicus)

Question 46

What dermatome is the nipple found in

Answer 46

T4

Question 47

What dermatome is the belly button found in

Answer 47

T10

Question 48

What dermatome layer is the Xiphoid process in

Answer 48

T5

Question 49

What dermatome layer is the costal margin in?

Answer 49

T8

Question 50

What is the endonerium

Answer 50

A layer of delicate connective tissue around the myelin sheath of each nerve fibre

Question 51

What secretes myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 51

Schwan cells

Question 52

What secretes myelin the the central nervous system

Answer 52

Oligodendrocytes

Question 53

What is a perineurium

Answer 53

A protective sheath that surrounds each fascicle in the nerve

Question 54

If multiple fascicles are bundled together and are supplied by its own blood supply and fatty tissue - what is it called?

Answer 54

Epineurium

Question 55

Where is a Schwann cell located?

Answer 55

Schwann cell nuclei are located on the outside of the sheath

Question 56

What is a myotome?

Answer 56

A region of skeletal muscle innervated by a single nerve or spinal cord level?

Question 57

A what dermatome level do pain fibres from the heart enter?

Answer 57

T1-T4

Question 58

At what dermatome level do pain fibres from the appendix enter?

Answer 58

T10