Neck (outline 18) Flashcards
What are structures that pass between trunk and head?
esophagus
trachea
carrotid/ jugular vessels
What are structures located in the neck?
thyroid/ parathyroid/ thymus gland
brachial plexus/ cervical plexus
lymph node
Bones/ Cartilage in Neck
Cervical Vertebrae
Thyroid/ Cricoid Cartilage
hyoid bone
What are the pharynx in neck?
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx (esophagus, larynx)
What bone in neck that is similar to sesamoid bone? Why?
hyoid bone
Because it doesn’t articulate with other bone
What are the characteristics of cervical vertebrae?
large transverse process
have foramen transversium and bifurcate spine process
What are cartilages in neck that are skeleton of larynx?
thyroid
cricoid
What are the contents of cervical plexus?
Anterior rami of C1-C4
Cutaneous N of anterior rami C1-C4
Phrenic N (c3-c5)
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
What does phrenic nerve innervate? ansa cervicalis innervate?
diaphragm
infrahyoid muscle
What do 4 cutaneous branches of anterior rami of C1- C4 innervate?
skin on side of neck
top of shoulder
lower part of face
skull behind ear
What are the joints in neck?
atlanto-occipital joint
atlanto- axial joint
What is the articulating surface of C1 with C2 called? What part of C2 that articulate with C1?
fovia
dense
What does ant/post atlanto-occipital membranes do?
it covers from arch of C1 to the base of skull
what is the attachment site in medial atlanto-axial joint?
articulating surface of dens (c2) with articulating surface fovia (C1)
pivot joint
what is the attachment site in lateral atlanto-axial joint? What type of joint is this?
articulating surfaces of facets
plane joint
What are ligaments in atlanto-axial joint?
cruciform lig
alar lig
What ligament that holding dense against the fovia?
transverse ligament of atlas
What ligament that bind an edge of foramen magnum and body of C2?
vertical sup and inf frasciculi
what does alar ligaments do?
attach dens (C2) and foramen magnum
What are ligaments in cruciform ligaments of atlas? what does each do?
transverse lig of atlas: attach dense with fovia
vertical sup & inf fasciculi: attach body of C2 with edge of foramen magnum
What ligament that attach dens (C2) with foramen magnum?
alar ligaments
Tectorial membrane is the continuation of what ligament?
posterior longitudinal ligament
What does tectorial mebrane connect?
the whole C2 and the foramen magnum
What are the fascia in neck?
superficial
deep (pretrachial and prevertebral)
What does the prevertebral membrane cover?
muscle components
What is carotid sheath?
the combined of 3 layers superficial and deep
what locates in medial of carotid sheath? lateral and posterior?
common carotid artery
internal jugular vein
vagus n
what is carotid sheath similar to?
femoral sheath and axillary sheath
what vein that ansa cervicalis loop into?
internal jugular vein
What are the muscles in superficial neck?
Splenius
Platysma
SCM (sternocledomastoid)
Subcatagories of neck mscles with origin on vertebral column?
lateral vertebral
suboccipital
anterior (prevertebral)
What are muscles in lateral vertebrae? What nerve travel on top of this muscle?
scalenus (ant, post, middle)
phrenic N
BS and NS for lateral vertebrae muscles? Actions?
transverse cervical a
cervical ventral rami
lateral flexion of neck