Head: Outline 19 Flashcards
What happen when you hit your temporal bone at pterion?
middle meningeal artery bleed out
What does occipital bone contain?
occipital condyle
foramen magnum
external occipital protruberance
superior and inferior nuchal line
What does inf aveolar nerve innervate?
aveolar processes
What happen when you lose your teeth? what happen if fracture occur?
angle of mandible becomes shallows (losing bone)
it cause symmetric break
What are also parts of the skull?
pterion
3 sutures
3 landmarks
4 openings
what does external acoustic meatus do? Where is the orbit?
carry sound wave to ear
eye socket
What are the facial bones?
maxillae
mandible
What is the characteristic of skull fracture?
It never heal and not be able to tell from the outside
What does ramus of mandible have? Where is each at?
condyle - posterior of mandible
coronoid process - ant of mandible
What does calvaria contain?
frontal
temporal, sphenoid, parietal (laterally)
occipital (posteriorly)
Where is the zygomatic arch? What attach to mastoid process? styloid process?
cheek bone
posterior digastric
stylohyoid muscle
What attach to the sup & inf nuchal line?
the muscle that attach to base of skull
What is pericranium equivalent to?
periosteum
What is osteomyelitis? epidural abcess? meningitis?
skull bone infection
infection between bone and dura matter
inflamation of meninges
What are the 3 sutures? Where is each suture?
saggital - between 2 parietal
coronal - between frontal and parietal
lambooid - between occipital and parietal
Where does the inferior alveolar N travel?
from mandibular foramen to mental foramen
Where is the symphysis menti? mental protruberance? mental tubercle?
the midline of mandible
the obtrused pump inferior of symphysis menti
two side next to symphysis menti
What are the 3 landmarks in skull? Where is each site?
lambda - where the occipital and parietal sutures met
bregma - where the sagital and coronal sutures intersect
vertex - at the highest point of sagital sutures
What happen when you got black eye by punch?
it damage the frontal/ nasal bone and cause the subcutaneous bleeding above the eye and roll down below the eye
what is the characteristic of temporal bone?
thinner than other bone and muscle is thicker
widest part of your skull
What are blood supplies for head? Each site of brain for this blood supply?
branches of subclavian - post brain
common carotid - anterior and lateral
What does temporal bone contain?
zygomatic arch
mastoid process
styloid process
What are the branches of subclavian A to the head?
inferior thyroid (thyroid cervical trunk)
vertebral
deep cervical A (costocervical trunk)
What comprise of orbit?
frontal
zygomatic
maxillae
What does mandible contain?
body, angle and ramus
symphysis menti,
mental protuberance,
mental tubercle
mandibular canal
alveolar processes
What is characteristic of sphenoid? What does it contain?
butterfly shape and connecting with other 8 bones
sella turica
What comprise the nasal aperture?
nasal and maxillae
What are branches of vertebral A?
2 post cerebral A
basilar A
What is the characteristic of scalp skin?
rich in blood supply
sweat gland and hair
What exit through infraorbital foramen? What is the alveolar processes?
infraorbital N + A
tooth sockets
Where does the vertebral A travel through? How many are there?
transverse foramen
2 vertebral A from 2 subclavian A
What innervate the alveolar processes? What branch is this nerve part of?
inferior alveolar N
cranial nerve V
What does the parietal bone contain? What is the characteristic of parietal bone?
superior temporal line (temporal fascia)
inferior temporal line (temporal muscles)
the largest part of your skull
What does scalp stand for?
Skin
Connective tissue
aponeurosis epicranialis
loose areolar tissue
pericranium
What does cranium contain?
calvaria and facial bone except mandible
What does mandibular canal have? What does travel through this canal?
mandibular foramen
mental foramen
inferior alveolar N
What is the suture joint? frontanelles?
where does the bones connect
where the sutures joints intersect
What are the 4 openings?
forament magnum
external acoustic meatus
orbits
nasal aperture
What is filled in subarachnoid space?
CSF
what does loose areolar tissue have? What is dangerous about this?
emisary veins
pathway for infection
What form the basilar A? What does it supply?
2 vertebral A
base of pons
What does the condyle of mandible do?
articulate with the temporal bone
What is connective tissue’s job?
connect skin and to other layer
What is the characteristic of wall of skull for elderly/baby/woman?
they are thinner
What does basillar divide? What does this branch supply?
2 posterior cerebral A
posterior and inferior brain
What does maxillae bone contain?
infraorbital foramen
alveolar processes
What does the sella turica contain?
pituatary gland
What is cleft palate? What does it cause?
the palatine process of maxillary bone doesn’t fuse
the harelip and hole in roof out mouth
What branch is the inferior thyroid A from? deep cervical A?
thyrocervical trunk
costalcervical trunk
What does inferior thyroid supply? deep cervical A?
thyroid gland
cervical vertebrae
What does deep cervical A anastomoses with?
occipital A in occipital triangle
What is #8? What does it form into?
vertebral A
basillar A
What is #18? In what triangle is this artery in?
Common Carotid
Carotid triangle
What is #19? What does it supply?
Internal Carotid
anterior and lateral of brain
What is the red arrow A? What part of branch is this?
deep cervica A
costocervical A
What is the green arrow A? What branch is this A part of?
inferior thyroid A
thyrocervical A
What is the blue arrow A? How do you know?
costocervical A
It gives of deep cervical A
WHat is the purple arrow A? What is it branch of?
superior thyroid A
external carotid A
What is the yellow arrow A?
thyrocervical A
What are the external branchces of external carotid? (POSTMFAS)
Posterior Auriular
Occipital
Superficial Temporal
Tounge
Maxillary
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Superior Thyroid
What does superior thyroid A supply? ascending pharyngeal A?
thyroid gland
pharynx and prevertebral muscles
What does facial N from external carotid supply?
face below the eyes
What does occipital A supply? maxillary A?
posterior and inferior scalp
mouth, nose, teeth and jaw
What does superficial temporal A supply? Post Auricular?
face, scalp, external ear
Scalp ext ear and eardrum
What are the branches of internal carotid? (PAMAO)
Posterior communicating branch
anterior cerebral
middle cerebral
anterior choroidal
opthalmic
What does anterior choroidal supply? Post communicating?
deep nuclei
It connect internal carotid with post cerebral A
What does anterior cerebral A supply? middle cerebral A?
anterior and medial brain
lateral of brain
What are the blood supply the brain? Each site of brain?
anterior cerebral (medial and anterior brain)
post cerebral (Post/ inf brain)
middle cerebral (lateral of brain)
Contents of circle of WIllis?
posterior cerebral
post communicating branch
ant cerebral
ant communicating branch
internal carotid
What does circle of Willis supply?
pituatary gland
If the blockage is form in one of BS in circle of willis, what happen?
the alternative blood supply will form in other branch
What is trigeminal nerve? What is its root?
Nerve of sensation of face
cranial N V
What does trigeminal nerve contain?
opthalmic nerve (V1)
maxillae (V2)
Mandible (V3)
Where does opthalmic N innervate? maxillae? mandible?
the above eye
upper lip and cheek
sensory part of lower jaw and side of face infront of ears, motor to muscle of mastication
What is trigeminal N equivalent to?
the median N of hand
What is facial N? What does it innervate?
Cranial N VII
it innervate muscles for face expression
sensory and parasympathetic pathway
Branches in facial N? BCMPTZ
Buccal
Cervical
Mandibular
Post auricular
temporal
zygomatic
What are 2 sensory and parasympathetic of cranial N VII?
greater protrosal
chordal tympani
What is the sensory and parasympathetic pathway of chorda tympani?
anterior surface of 2/3 of tounge
saliva gland (submandibular and sublingual gland)
What is the sensory and parasympathetic pathway of greater protrosal?
taste to palate (in mouth not the tounge)
lacrimal gland (tear gland)
What happen to you when you get Bell’s palsy?
you get droopy facial muscles
you can’t close your eyes
dry eys
lost nerve innervation of saliva gland on one side
can’t close your mouth when you eat
What does cranial N XI contain?
cranial part and spinal part
Where does the cranial part of CN XI originate from? the spinal part of CN XI?
the brainstem inside the skull
the input of anterior rami of C1-4
What does the cranial part of CN XI innervate? spinal part of CN XI?
pharynges, laringes, esophagus, soft palate
trapezius and SCM
What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint? What cartilage does its articulating surface have?
modified hinge joint
fibrocartilage insead of hyaline
What is the temporomandibular joint equivalent to? Why?
sternoclavicular because they both have articulating surface covered by fibrocartilage
What are 2 joitns in temporomandibular joint? What happen in each disk?
upper disk: the disk glides along with temporal bone
lower disk: the condyle of mandible rotate on the disk
What are the ligaments in temporomandibular joint?
temporomandibular lig (laterally)
sphenomandibular lig (medial)
stylomandibular lig (medial)
What is the nerve supply for TMJ ligaments? What is its root?
inferior alveolar N
cranial N 5 - trigeminal N
What is the blood supply for TMJ ligaments?
inferior alveolar A - branch of maxillae artery
What are the muscles of mastication?
temporal
masseter
medial and lateral ptegyroid
OIAN of the temporal muscle?
temporal bone
mandible
elevation of mandible/ retrusion of mandible
CN V3
OIAN of masseter?
mandible
zygomatic arch
elevation/ protrusion of mandible
What is the action of medial pterygoid? lateral pterygoid?
elevation/ protrusion of jaw
strong protrusion of jaw
What is the only muscle that do the retrusion of jaw?
temporal
What muscles that elevate and protruse the mandible?
messeter and medial pterygoid
What is the only muscle of mastication that doesn’t do elevation?
lateral pterygoid
What muscle is the main muscle to do protrusion?
lateral pterygoid
What cause the depression of jaw?
gravity
What happen when you first open your mouth? Open your mouth wider?
rotation of condyle of mandible on disk
gliding of disk and mandible along temporal bone
Mechanism of muscles when lateral deviation?
the pterygoid protruse on lateral side and as they pull the jaw forward leads to contralateral spinning on mandibular condyle of contralateral rotation.
What is the blood supply for face?
Facial A
Superficial temporal A
What is important about facial Veins?
It doesn’t have valve which is a pathway of infection from face to your brain.
Muscular innervation of face? Cutaneous innervation?
cranial N VII
cranial N V - trigeminal N
