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Gross Anatomy > Ankle and Foot > Flashcards

Ankle and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What is special about muscle at the foot?

A

They are dynamic, meaning shorten or lengthen

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2
Q

Blood supply in general for foot?

Nerve supply for foot?

A

anterior/posterior tibial artery

common peroneal, femoral and tibial nerves

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3
Q

How is the ankle and foot divide?

A

hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot

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4
Q

Name of the bone for hindfoot and midfoot?

A

Tarsal

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5
Q

What are bone parts of hindfoot?

A

Calcaneus

Talus

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6
Q

What bones are parts of midfoot?

A

Cuboid

3-Cuniform

Navicular

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7
Q

What bones are part of forefoot?

A

metatarsal and phalanges

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8
Q

What is special about talus bone?

A

no muscle attachment and hard to be repaired

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9
Q

What are the joints involved in Talus?

A

Talocrural

subtalor

transverse tarsal

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10
Q

Talocrural Joint?

Subtalor Joint?

transverse tarsal

A

superior articulate of talus with tibia/fibula

Inferior articulate of talus with calcaneus

anterior articulate of talus with navicular

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11
Q

What bones are part of calcaneus?

A

sustentaculum tali

heel

tendo calcaneus

tuber calcanei

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12
Q

Tendo Calcaneus

Tuber Calcanei

A

farthest point of posterior of calcaneus

Lowest point of inferior of calcaneus

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13
Q

What is the muscle for only dorsal foot?

A

extensor digitorum brevis

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14
Q

OIANB of extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Anterior/Lateral Calcaneus

Extensor expansion of toes 1-4

Extension of toes 1-4

Deep peroneal N

Dorsalis Pedis

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15
Q

How is the nerve innervaton for the plantar foot?

A

All nerve supply is lateral planatar N except abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis (medial plantar N)

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16
Q

What muscles are in the 1st layer of the foot?

A

Abductor Hallucis

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Abductor Digiti Minimi

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17
Q

2nd layer foot muscle?

A

quadratus plantae

lumbricals

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18
Q

3rd muscles layer of foot?

A

flexor hallucis brevis

adductor hallucis

flexor digitorum minimi

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19
Q

4th muscle layers of foot?

A

dorsal interossei

plantar interossei

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20
Q

OIANB of abductor hallucis?

A

Calcaneous

medial aspect of proximal phalanx of great toe

Flexion/Abduction of great toe

Medial Plantar N+A

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21
Q

OIANB of Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Calcaneous

Middle phalanges Toes 2-5

Flexion of toes 2-5

Medial Plantar A+N

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22
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

calcaneous

lateral phalanges of toes 5

flexion/abduction of toes 5

lateral plantar N+A

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23
Q

OIANB of Quadratus Plantae

A

Calcaneous

Lateral surface of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexion of toes 2-5 at DIP joints

Lateral Plantar N+A

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24
Q

Lumbricals OIANB?

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

extensor expansion of toes 2-5

Flexion of toes 2-5 at MTP joints

Extension of toes 2-5 at IP joints

Toe 2: Medial Plantar N

Toes 3-5: Lateral Plantar N

Lateral Plantar A

25
Q

OIANB of flexor hallucis brevis

A

Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

Medial/Lateral side of phalanx great toe

Flexion of great toe at MTP joints

Medial Plantar A+N

26
Q

OIANB of Adductor Hallucis

A

Complicated one

Lateral phalanx of great toe

Flexion/Adduction of great toe at MTP joints

Lateral Plantar N+A

27
Q

Flexor Digiti minimi

A

Metatarsal of 5th toe

Lateral base of phalanx of toes 5

flexion of toes 5 at MTP joints

Lateral Plantar A+N

28
Q

What muscles has dorsalis pedis A + deep peroneal N? What is its action?

A

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Extension of toes 1-4

29
Q

What muscles has the origin of tendons of FDL? What is its action?

A

Lumbricals

Extension of toes 2-5 at IP joints

Flexion of toes 2-5 at MIP joints

30
Q

What is action of ant/post retinacula?

A

extensor reniculae

31
Q

Property of superior extensor retinacula?
inf extensor retinacula

A

not strong, transversely fiber

more complicated, distinct fiber

32
Q

Where does the inf extensor retinacula originate? What are the branches of this?

A

calcaneus

lower limb/upper limbs

33
Q

Where does upper limb of inf ext retinacula insert? lower limb?

A

the medial calleoulus

plantar fascia of foot

34
Q

Retinacula in foot?

A

Extensor/Flexor

Superior/Inferior Peroneal

35
Q

What side is the flexor retinaculae on? what does it cover? What does it connect?

A

medial side
Tom, Dick and Nervous Harry

connect calcaneus with medial maleolus

36
Q

What does the extensor retinacula cover?

A

anterior leg compartment

37
Q

What side is the peroneal retinaculae on? What does it hold? 2 branch?

A

Lateral

Peroneus longus/brevis

Superior/Inferior

38
Q

Branches of dorsalis pedis

A

lateral tarsal

deep plantar a

arcuate a

39
Q

Branch of arcuate foot BS?

A

dorsal metatarsal a

dorsal digital a

40
Q

plantar foot BS?

A

posterior tibial A

Medial Plantar/Lateral Plantar

vein

41
Q

Where does the medial/lateral plantar supply?

A

big toe and medial side

baby toe and lateral side

42
Q

What branches are of plantar arterial arch?

A

4 branches of plantar metatarsal a

3 perforating A

43
Q

What does 3 perforating A supply?

A

dorsal metatarsal arteries

44
Q

Foot veins?

A

dorsal digital

dorsal venous arch

45
Q

Where does the dorsal digital veins feed into?

A

dorsal venous arch

46
Q

nerve of the foot?

A

medial/lateral plantar

sural

sapphenous

superficial/deep peroneal

47
Q

Where does medial/later plantar N branch from? saphenous? sural?

A

tibia

femoral

common peroneal & tibia

48
Q

What side does the saphenous supply? sural?

A

Medial arch & ankle/ Lateral side

49
Q

Where does the deep peroneal supply?

A

the wedge between 1st and 2nd toe

49
Q

What type of joint is the 1st joint of ankle (proximal tibia-fibula)? 2nd joint?

A

plane joint (sliding vertical, fibular rotaion)

syndesmosis

50
Q

Ligaments for type 2 joint of ankle?

A

ant/post fibula-tibia

interosseous lig

51
Q

What bone support the weight bearing in leg?

A

tibia and not ffibia

52
Q

Ligaments that reinforce talocrural joint?

A

1 medial and 3 lateral collateral ligament

53
Q

What are the medial collateral ligaments in ankle?

A

tibiocalcaneal

tibiotalar

tibionavicular

54
Q

Medial colatteral ligament connect what to what?

A

medial malleolus to sustentaculum tali

navicular tuberosity

body of talus

55
Q

What are the lateral collateral lig?

A

talofibular (post/ant)

calcaneofibular

56
Q

What ligament usually damaged when sprain ankle? What side of this ligament on?

A

anterior talofibular lig

medial

Gross Anatomy (28 decks)

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