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809 - Exam 1 Block > Neck 2 - BC > Flashcards

Neck 2 - BC Flashcards

1
Q

The subclavian arteries supply what 3 things

A

upper limbs, neck and brain

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2
Q

The right subclavian
artery arises from the

A

brachiocephalic trunk

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3
Q

The left subclavian
artery arises from the

A

arch of the aorta

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4
Q

The subclavian arteries ascend from thorax, passing posterior to the

A

anterior scalene muscles

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5
Q

The subclavian artery is
divided into 3 parts relative to the anterior scalene muscle, what are the 3 parts?

A

medial, posterior, and lateral to the anterior scalene muscle

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6
Q

what 3 things are medial to the anterior scalene

A

vertebral artery
internal thoracic artery
thyrocervical trunk

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7
Q

the vertebral artery enters the ___________ at levels _____

A

transverse foramina

C1 - C6

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8
Q

what 4 arteries make up the thyrocervical trunk

A

Inferior thyroid
artery

Ascending cervical
artery

Transverse cervical
artery

Suprascapular
artery

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9
Q

what is posterior to the anterior scalene muscle

A

costocervical trunk

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10
Q

the costocervical trunk arises from the posterior aspect of the second part of the ________

A

subclavian artery

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11
Q

the costocervical trunk divides into what 2 things

A

the supreme intercostal
and deep cervical arteries

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12
Q

what is lateral to the anterior scalene muscle

A

dorsal scapular artery

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13
Q

Each common carotid
artery ascends within the _______ to the level of the superior border of the ________

A

carotid sheath

thyroid cartilage

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14
Q

At the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, each common carotid artery terminates by dividing into the

A

internal and external carotid arteries

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15
Q

The internal carotid artery has _______ branches in the neck

A

NONE

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16
Q

the external carotid has _____ branches in the neck

A

several

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17
Q

The proximal part of each internal carotid artery is the site of the _________

A

carotid sinus

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18
Q

a dilation of artery that acts as a baroreceptor that reacts to changes in arterial blood pressure

A

carotid sinus

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19
Q

The ________ is located between the internal and the external carotid arteries

A

carotid body

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20
Q

a small mass of tissue that acts as a chemoreceptor that monitors the level of
oxygen in the blood

A

carotid body

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21
Q

When the carotid body gets stimulated by low oxygen and initiates a reflex, what does the reflex do?

A

increases the rate and depth of:

respiration
cardiac rate
blood pressure

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22
Q

The internal carotid arteries enter the cranium
through the ________ in the petrous parts of
the temporal bones and become the main
arteries of the ________ and __________

A

carotid canals

brain and structures in the orbits

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23
Q

Branches of the external carotid arteries mnemonic?

A

Some
Little
Fat
Man

Stole
Papa’s
Only
Apple

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24
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Some

A

Superior Thyroid Artery

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25
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Little

A

Lingual Artery

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26
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Fat

A

Facial Artery

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27
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Man

A

Maxillary Artery

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28
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Stole

A

Superficial Temporal Artery

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29
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Papa’s

A

Posterior Auricular Artery

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30
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Only

A

Occipital Artery

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31
Q

External Carotid Artery Branch - Apple

A

Ascending pharyngeal Artery

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32
Q

The superior thyroid artery gives rise to the

A

superior laryngeal artery

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33
Q

the ________ artery pierces the thyro-hyoid membrane to reach the _______

A

superior laryngeal artery

larynx

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34
Q

the ________ artery passes deep to hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric to enter the floor of mouth

A

lingual artery

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35
Q

the ________ artery passes superiorly under the digastric and stylohyoid muscles and the angle of the mandible

A

facial

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36
Q

the _______ artery loops anteriorly and passes deep to the submandibular gland en route to the face

A

facial artery

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37
Q

the _______ artery ascends posteriorly between the
external acoustic meatus and mastoid process

A

posterior auricular artery

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38
Q

the ________ artery passes posteriorly, crossing CN XII

A

occipital artery

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39
Q

the _______ artery ascends on the pharynx deep (medial) to the internal carotid artery

A

ascending pharyngeal

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40
Q

the _________ artery sends branches to the pharynx, prevertebral muscles, middle ear, and cranial meninges

A

ascending pharyngeal artery

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41
Q

the union of the posterior division of the retromandibular vein with the posterior auricular vein forms the ________ vein

A

external jugular vein

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42
Q

the _________ vein gives rise to the anterior jugular vein on the anterior neck

A

external jugular vein

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43
Q

the external jugular vein descends to terminate in the ________

A

subclavian vein

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44
Q

the ______ vein drains most of the scalp and side of the face

A

external jugular vein

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45
Q

The _________ vein lies deep to sternocleidomastoid and drains blood from the
brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of the neck

A

Internal jugular vein

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46
Q

the ______ vein begins at the jugular foramen as the continuation of the sigmoid sinus

A

internal jugular vein

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47
Q

the ______ vein descends with the vagus nerve and internal carotid artery in the carotid sheath

A

internal jugular vein

48
Q

Posterior to the clavicle, the IJV merges with the subclavian vein to form
the ___________ vein

A

brachiocephalic vein

49
Q

The branches of the IJV are the what 4 veins

A

facial vein
lingual vein
superior thyroid vein
middle thyroid vein

50
Q

The ___________ drain the superior poles of the thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid veins

51
Q

the ________ vein drain the
middle of the lobes

A

middle thyroid veins

52
Q

The _______ drains upper limb and curves through the inferior part of the lateral neck

A

subclavian vein

53
Q

The _________ joins with the IJV at the venous angle to form the brachiocephalic
vein, posterior to the clavicle

A

subclavian vein

54
Q

At the root of the neck, the subclavian vein receives blood from the ________ vein and the _________ vein

A

EJV

anterior jugular vein

55
Q

Most superficial tissues in the neck are drained by lymphatic vessels that enter the _________

A

superficial cervical lymph nodes

56
Q

the superficial cervical lymph nodes are located along the course of the

57
Q

lymph from the superficial cervical lymph nodes drains into

A

deep cervical lymph nodes

58
Q

the deep cervical lymph nodes form a chain along the

59
Q

Efferent lymphatic vessels from the deep cervical nodes join to form the

A

jugular lymphatic trunks

60
Q

the jugular lymphatic trunks join the thoracic duct on the LEFT side and enter the junction of the

A

Internal jugular and
subclavian veins directly

61
Q

the jugular lymphatic trunks join the thoracic duct on the RIGHT side via a

A

short right lymphatic duct

62
Q

Which CN exits the skull base at the jugular foramen

63
Q

Which CN passes between the internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery

64
Q

Which CN descends anterior to internal carotid artery

65
Q

Which CN gives rise to a branch to supply carotid sinus and carotid body

66
Q

Which CN curves forward toward the pharynx to
innervate stylopharyngeus

67
Q

Which CN enters the
oropharynx to provide sensory innervation there and to the posterior tongue

68
Q

Which CN descends vertically through the neck within the carotid sheath, where it lies posteriorly between the internal/common carotid artery and internal jugular vein

69
Q

Which CN supplies motor and sensory innervation to the larynx via several branches

70
Q

what nerve pierces the thyrohyoid membrane

A

internal laryngeal nerve

71
Q

what nerve accompanies the superior laryngeal artery

A

internal laryngeal nerve

72
Q

what nerve accompanies superior thyroid artery

A

external laryngeal nerve

73
Q

what nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle of the larynx

A

external laryngeal nerve

74
Q

Which nerves ascend to the posteromedial aspect of the thyroid gland where they ascend in the tracheo esophageal groove

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

75
Q

which CN exits from the jugular foramen to descend behind the posterior belly of digastric
and stylohyoid muscles to the upper SCM

76
Q

Which CN pierces and innervates SCM

77
Q

Which CN continues to course obliquely across the
neck to end in the deep surface of trapezius

78
Q

Which CN exits from the hypoglossal canal

79
Q

Which CN descends between the internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein before
traveling anteriorly, deep to the posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid and mylohyoid

80
Q

Which CN enters the floor of the mouth to innervate
intrinsic and most extrinsic tongue muscle

81
Q

The ventral rami of C1–C4 make up the

A

cervical plexus

82
Q

The ___________ lies anteromedial to the middle scalene muscles and deep to the SCM

A

cervical plexus

83
Q

The _______ branches of the plexus that initially pass posteriorly are cutaneous (sensory) branches to skin of neck

A

superficial

84
Q

The _________ branches passing anteromedially are motor branches, including
the phrenic nerve and the ansa cervicalis to infrahyoid muscles

85
Q

The _________ is the nerve loop of the neck formed by C1-3 ventral rami

A

Ansa cervicalis

86
Q

The Ansa cervicalis innervates which 3 of the 4 infrahyoid muscles

A

sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid

87
Q

the ________ root of the ansa cervicalis arises from C1 spinal nerve and is more anterior

88
Q

the ________ root of the ansa cervicalis arises from C2-3 spinal nerve and is more anterior

89
Q

C11 ventral rami fibers hitch a ride on CN _______ for a short distance before descending to form the superior root of ansa cervicalis

90
Q

C1 ventral rami fibers hitch a ride on CN XII to supply what 5 things

A

thyrohyoid
geniohyoid
sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid

91
Q

what supplies the sternohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis

92
Q

what supplies the omohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis

93
Q

what supplies the sternothyroid

A

ansa cervicalis

94
Q

what supplies the thyrohyoid

95
Q

what supplies the geniohyoid

96
Q

The phrenic nerves originate chiefly
from the ______ nerve but receive contributions from the ______ and _____ nerves

A

C4

C3 and C5

97
Q

Each phrenic nerve forms at the superior part of the ______
muscle at the level of the superior thyroid cartilage

A

anterior scalene

98
Q

Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerge from the nerve point of the neck and supply sensation to

A

the skin of the neck and scalp

99
Q

what are the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus

A

Lesser occipital nerve

Great auricular nerve

Transverse cervical nerve

Supraclavicular nerves

100
Q

What supplies the LON

101
Q

what supplies the GAN

102
Q

what supplies the transverse cervical nerve

103
Q

what supplies the supraclavicular nerves

104
Q

Which cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus supplies
the skin over the angle of the mandible, the parotid
sheath, and the lower portion of the auricle of the ear

A

Great Auricular Nerve (C2 and C3)

105
Q

Which cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus travels with/near the external jugular vein while
superficial to the SCM

A

Great Auricular Nerve

106
Q

Which cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus supplies the skin of the anterior neck superficial to the SCM

A

Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2 and C3)

107
Q

Which cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus supplies the skin over the clavicle and shoulder (and typically branches into 3 nerves)

A

Supraclavicular nerves (C3 and C4)

108
Q

Which cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus supplies the skin of scalp postero-superior to the auricle

A

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)

109
Q

Ventral rami of C5–C8 and T1 spinal nerves are the

A

Roots of brachial plexus

110
Q

what appear between the
anterior and the middle
scalene muscles

A

Roots of brachial plexus

111
Q

what unites to form the 3 trunks of the brachial plexus

A

roots of the brachial plexusw

112
Q

what provides innervation for most of the upper limbs

A

Roots of brachial plexus

113
Q

The ________ ganglion is at the level of the C1 and C2 vertebrae

A

superior cervical ganglion

114
Q

The __________ ganglion lies on the inferior thyroid artery at the level of the cricoid cartilage

A

middle cervical

115
Q

The ________ ganglion often fuses with the first thoracic ganglion to form the large cervicothoracic ganglion

A

inferior cervical

116
Q

Anesthetic injected around the large cervicothoracic ganglion blocks transmission of stimuli through the ________ and _________ ganglia

A

cervical and superior thoracic ganglia

809 - Exam 1 Block (19 decks)

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