Lab - Orientation to Imaging Flashcards
How does air appear on an x-ray
black or very dark
How does fat appear on an x-ray
gray and darker than muscle or blood
How does water (blood & soft tissue) appear on an x-ray
lighter gray
How does bone appear on an x-ray
white
How does metal (like implants) appear on an x-ray
white
How does air appear on a CT without contrast?
black or very dark
How does fat appear on a CT without contrast?
gray and darker than muscle or blood
How does water (blood & soft tissue) appear on a CT without contrast?
lighter gray
How does bone appear on a CT without contrast?
white
How does metal (like implants) appear on a CT without contrast?
white
What does an MRI - T1 (without contrast) highlight?
fat
How does air appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
very dark
How does CSF & other water-based fluids appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
dark
How does fat appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
white (bright)
How does muscle appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
gray
How does gray matter of the brain appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
gray
How does white matter of the brain appear on an MRI - T1 (without contrast)
white (bright)
What does an MRI - T2 (without contrast) highlight?
water
How does air appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
very dark
How does CSF & other water-based fluids appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
white (bright)
How does muscle appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
gray to dark gray
How does fat appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
white (but not as bright as T1)
How does gray matter of the brain appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
light gray
How does white matter of the brain appear on an MRI - T2 (without contrast)
dark gray
How does fluid appear on an ultrasound?
darker
How do solids (bone) appear on an ultrasound?
white
How does soft tissue and more dense liquids appear on an ultrasound?
shades of gray
How do blood vessels appear on an ultrasound with a doppler?
orange
How does flow toward the probe appear on an ultrasound with a doppler?
red
How does flow away from the probe appear on an ultrasound with a doppler?
blue
How does turbulent flow appear on an ultrasound with a doppler?
mixed (red & blue)
How are horizontal (transverse ; axial) images of CTs and MRIs shown?
as if you are viewing the patient from the foot of the patient’s bed
Regarding horizontal (transverse ; axial) images of CTs and MRIs, the patient’s right side is on your ?
left
What key features should you try and look for when looking at the overall shape of a CT or MRI to help determine the location/level in a horizontal (transverse ; axial) image?
nose & ears
What prominent internal structures should you look for when in a CT or MRI to help determine the location/level in a horizontal (transverse ; axial) image?
Brain areas (cerebellum, brainstem, cerebral hemispheres)
Eyeballs, teeth, sinuses
The body is divided into a series of what kind of slices in sagittal images of CT and MRIs?
left and right slices
What should you look for to determine location in sagittal images of CTs and MRIs?
the overall shape of the head and facial structures
The body is divided into a series of what kind of slices in coronal images of CT and MRIs?
anterior & posterior slices
What should you look for to determine location in coronal images of CTs and MRIs?
facial structures or different brain areas
